Annotatie bij EHRM 9 maart 2023 (LB / Hongarije) download

Nederlandse Jurisprudentie, iss. : 15, num: 144, pp: 3352-3354, 2024

Abstract

Openbaar maken persoonsgegevens wegens belastingschuld. Bescherming persoonlijke data. Belang van toetsing in individuele gevallen. Margin of appreciation. Schending van art. 8 EVRM. Grote Kamer.

Human rights, Privacy

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Anticipating impacts: using large‑scale scenario‑writing to explore diverse implications of generative AI in the news environment

Kieslich, K., Diakopoulos, N. & Helberger, N.
AI and Ethics, 2024

Abstract

The tremendous rise of generative AI has reached every part of society—including the news environment. There are many concerns about the individual and societal impact of the increasing use of generative AI, including issues such as disinformation and misinformation, discrimination, and the promotion of social tensions. However, research on anticipating the impact of generative AI is still in its infancy and mostly limited to the views of technology developers and/or researchers. In this paper, we aim to broaden the perspective and capture the expectations of three stakeholder groups (news consumers; technology developers; content creators) about the potential negative impacts of generative AI, as well as mitigation strategies to address these. Methodologically, we apply scenario-writing and use participatory foresight in the context of a survey (n=119) to delve into cognitively diverse imaginations of the future. We qualitatively analyze the scenarios using thematic analysis to systematically map potential impacts of generative AI on the news environment, potential mitigation strategies, and the role of stakeholders in causing and mitigating these impacts. In addition, we measure respondents' opinions on a specifc mitigation strategy, namely transparency obligations as suggested in Article 52 of the draft EU AI Act. We compare the results across diferent stakeholder groups and elaborate on diferent expected impacts across these groups. We conclude by discussing the usefulness of scenario-writing and participatory foresight as a toolbox for generative AI impact assessment.

Generative AI

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Who Does(n’t) Target You? Mapping the Worldwide Usage of Online Political Microtargeting external link

Votta, F., Kruschinski, S., Hove, M., Helberger, N., Dobber, T. & Vreese, C.H. de
Journal of Quantitative Description: Digital Media, vol. 4, 2024

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EU-regulering van politieke microtargeting in Nederland: onderzoek faciliteren en negeren download

Drunen, M. van & Votta, F.
Mediaforum, iss. : 2, pp: 50-56,

Abstract

De regulering van politieke microtargeting plaatst wetgevers voor een dilemma. Aan de ene kant zien zij in politieke microtargeting een groot potentieel gevaar voor de democratie dat met wetgeving moet worden ingedamd. Aan de andere kant schuilt deel van het gevaar van politieke microtargeting er juist in dat het niet transparant is, waardoor het onduidelijk blijft hoe en in welke mate politieke microtargeting de democratie precies bedreigt. De Europese wetgever heeft met de Verordening betreffende transparantie en gerichte politieke reclame de eerste poging gewaagd om de schimmige praktijk van politieke microtargeting te reguleren. Dit artikel evalueert de gepastheid van de Verordening in het licht van het bestaande empirische bewijs over de manier waarop politieke microtargeting in Nederland wordt toegepast.

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Human Rights Outsourcing and Reliance on User Activism in the DSA external link

Verfassungsblog, 2024

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Merk en fashion upcycling: inbreuk en mogelijke verweren download

Senftleben, M. & Kan, B. van
Berichten Industriële Eigendom, iss. : 2, pp: 85-95, 2024

Abstract

Gemerkte modeartikelen kunnen hergebruikprojecten in de circulaire economie belemmeren. Met de toekenning van ruime exclusieve rechten stelt het merkenrecht duurzame hergebruikpraktijken, zoals ‘upcycling’, bloot aan allerlei inbreukargumenten. Om bij te kunnen dragen aan de vermindering van modeafval, is het noodzakelijk om de rechtszekerheid voor duurzaam hergebruik te vergroten. Tegen deze achtergrond worden in de volgende analyse verschillende strategieën onderzocht om meer ruimte te bieden voor hergebruik dat niet specifiek gericht is op het misleiden van consumenten of het beschadigen of exploiteren van beschermde merken. Meer specifiek zullen twee strategieën centraal staan. Ten eerste het voorstel om een strengere toets voor ‘gebruik als merk’ te hanteren: een toets die merkinbreuk in het geval van duurzaam hergebruik van mode van meet af aan zou kunnen uitsluiten, op grond van het feit dat consumenten de specifieke hergebruikcontext zullen begrijpen en beschermde merken op circulaire modeproducten slechts als decoratieve elementen zullen beschouwen. Ten tweede het voorstel om upcyclingpraktijken binnen het toepassingsgebied van merkenrechtelijke beperkingen, zoals de vrijstelling van refererend merkgebruik, te brengen. In dat verband dienen wel etiketteringsrichtlijnen te worden ontwikkeld om de voorwaarden voor eerlijk gebruik in nijverheid en handel te verduidelijken.

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Panel at CPDP.ai 2024: “Privacy and Surveillance in the Quantum Age: Developments in Quantum Sensing Technologies and their Implications” external link

Zeybek, B., Bouyer, P., Galic, M., Hoofnagle, C.J. & Soller, H.
2024

Abstract

In the quantum technology innovation landscape, quantum sensing technology (QST) gets relatively little attention. Compared to other quantum technologies, though, QSTs have a more advanced technology-readiness and wider possible application areas, ranging from defence, intelligence, space, biomedicine, mining, and environmental monitoring. QSTs may improve the performance of current advanced sensing systems and allow new applications, which could have significant societal implications. QSTs could play a crucial role in transforming the surveillance capabilities of state and non-state actors, such as of military, intelligence services, law enforcement and commercial entities. And with advanced computational capacity, these actors could wield enormous power in sensor data analysis. Most QSTs are currently being tested in lab environments, and it is hard to predict exactly how and where QSTs will be adopted. Still, developments in QSTs warrant an early exploration of policy implications and their possible effects on fundamental rights, privacy and data protection, in particular. • What are the key properties of quantum sensing technologies and what are their potential applications? What opportunities do they bring and what are the challenges for deploying them outside of the lab? • What are some of the notable investment developments and who are the key actors in the quantum sensing space? • What are some of the main privacy law and policy implications of quantum sensing, and how can law respond to the dual-use nature of certain quantum sensing applications and contribute to the proper balance between the different societal interests implicated by quantum sensing technologies? • What are some of the current issues, from a privacy and surveillance studies perspective, of advanced sensing applications?

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Improving access to and reuse of research results, publications and data for scientific purposes: Study to evaluate the effects of the EU copyright framework on research and the effects of potential interventions and to identify and present relevant provisions for research in EU data and digital legislation, with a focus on rights and obligations external link

Stančiauskas, V., Kazlauskaitė, D., Dėlkutė-Morgan, R., Ŝiaulytytė, G., Kublashvili, A., Voronecki, T., Senftleben, M., Szkalej, K., Buijs, D., van Eechoud, M., Irion, K., Buri, I., Frigeri, M., Karabuga, E., King, L., Margoni, T., Schirru, L., Stähler, L., Sganga, C., Turan, P., Contardi, M., Signoretta, C. & Edwards, E.
2024

Abstract

The European Commission has published a study aimed at improving access to and reuse of research results, including publications and data for scientific purposes. The study has identified barriers and challenges to access and reuse of publicly funded research results, evaluated effects of the EU copyright framework on research, and identified relevant provisions for research in EU data and digital legislation. On this basis, it presents options for legislative and non-legislative measures to strengthen the free circulation of knowledge and thereby contribute to reinforce the European Research Area

academic research, Copyright

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Opinion of the European Copyright Society on certain selected aspects of Case C-227/23, Kwantum Nederland and Kwantum België external link

van Eechoud, M., Quintais, J., Metzger, A. & Rognstad, O.A.
Kluwer Copyright Blog, 2024

Copyright

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Quantum Computing and the G-77 download

AWO
2024

Abstract

Governments and researchers across the Global South are important stakeholders in quantum computing, a technology that will likely have global opportunities and ramifications. While quantum computing discussions within the Global North often limit their Global South focus to China, India, and Singapore, quantum computing activity is underway in a wide range of countries across the G-77, from Brazil to South Africa. Through desk research and supplementary expert interviews, this report documents quantum computing activity within the G-77; creates a typology of G-77 states engaged with quantum computing; and analyses initial trends and potential impacts of the technology including reliance on commercial cloud computing infrastructure, knowledge transfer, environmental impact, and possible new geopolitical dynamics. It concludes with preliminary recommendations to support more equitable global technology development.

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