Publications - Page 116 of 267

Freedom of expression and defamation: A study of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights external link

Council of Europe, 1004, ISBN: 9789287182500

Abstract

Freedom of expression is a fundamental freedom, one of the cornerstones of democracy in Europe, enshrined in various key texts, including the European Convention on Human Rights. But the boundaries between freedom to criticise and damaging a person’s honour or reputation are not always very clear. By defining public insults and defamation, the law can set limits on freedom of expression, which is neither absolute nor boundless. But how far can it go? This study examines the details of the European Court of Human Right’s case law on defamation. It explores a range of substantive and procedural issues that the Court has considered, and clarifies the concept of defamation, positioning it in relation to freedom of expression and public debate. It explains how overly protective defamation laws can have a chilling effect on freedom of expression and public debate, and discusses the proportionality of defamation laws and their application.

Links

https://rm.coe.int/CoERMPublicCommonSearchServices/DisplayDCTMContent?documentId=09000016806ac95b

case law, defamation, European Court of Human Rights, Freedom of expression, frontpage, Vrijheid van meningsuiting

RIS

TY  - BOOK
AU  - McGonagle, T.
PY  - 1004
DA  - 2016-10-04
T1  - Freedom of expression and defamation: A study of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights
AB  - Freedom of expression is a fundamental freedom, one of the cornerstones of democracy in Europe, enshrined in various key texts, including the European Convention on Human Rights. But the boundaries between freedom to criticise and damaging a person’s honour or reputation are not always very clear. By defining public insults and defamation, the law can set limits on freedom of expression, which is neither absolute nor boundless. But how far can it go?
This study examines the details of the European Court of Human Right’s case law on defamation. It explores a range of substantive and procedural issues that the Court has considered, and clarifies the concept of defamation, positioning it in relation to freedom of expression and public debate. It explains how overly protective defamation laws can have a chilling effect on freedom of expression and public debate, and discusses the proportionality of defamation laws and their application.
K1  - case law
K1  - defamation
K1  - European Court of Human Rights
K1  - Freedom of expression
K1  - frontpage
K1  - Vrijheid van meningsuiting
ER  -

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Bibtex

Book{McGonagle2016,
	title = {Freedom of expression and defamation: A study of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights},
	author = {McGonagle, T.},
	url = {https://rm.coe.int/CoERMPublicCommonSearchServices/DisplayDCTMContent?documentId=09000016806ac95b},
	year = {1004},
	date = {2016-10-04},
	abstract = {Freedom of expression is a fundamental freedom, one of the cornerstones of democracy in Europe, enshrined in various key texts, including the European Convention on Human Rights. But the boundaries between freedom to criticise and damaging a person’s honour or reputation are not always very clear. By defining public insults and defamation, the law can set limits on freedom of expression, which is neither absolute nor boundless. But how far can it go?
This study examines the details of the European Court of Human Right’s case law on defamation. It explores a range of substantive and procedural issues that the Court has considered, and clarifies the concept of defamation, positioning it in relation to freedom of expression and public debate. It explains how overly protective defamation laws can have a chilling effect on freedom of expression and public debate, and discusses the proportionality of defamation laws and their application.},
	keywords = {case law, defamation, European Court of Human Rights, Freedom of expression, frontpage, Vrijheid van meningsuiting},
}

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International copyright reform in support of open legal information (working paper draft, Sep. 2016) external link

van Eechoud, M. & Guibault, L.

2016

Abstract

This paper analyzes the status of legal information under international and national copyright laws. It argues that the current uncertainties with respect to the copyright status of primary legal materials (legislation, court decisions) and secondary legal materials such as parliamentary records and other official texts relevant to the interpretation of law, constitute a barrier to access and use. The time has come for reform of the international copyright system in WIPO. International law should recognize explicitly that primary and secondary legal materials are public domain and thus not subject to copyright or related rights. This will bring outdated copyright norms across the world up to date with current developments: the trend towards universal recognition of the right to access government information as part of human rights, the UN’s sustainable development goals with respect to access to law, and the rapid growth of open government policies worldwide, supported by the Open Government Partnership (OGP).

Links

http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/OpendataCopyrightReform_ODRSdraft-WP_sep16.pdf

access to law, Copyright, Freedom of expression, frontpage, Fundamental rights, open government, right to know

RIS

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van Eechoud, M.
AU  - Guibault, L.
PY  - 0930
DA  - 2016-09-30
T1  - International copyright reform in support of open legal information (working paper draft, Sep. 2016)
AB  - This paper analyzes the status of legal information under international and national copyright laws. It argues that the current uncertainties with respect to the copyright status of primary legal materials (legislation, court decisions) and secondary legal materials such as parliamentary records and other official texts relevant to the interpretation of law, constitute a barrier to access and use. The time has come for reform of the international copyright system in WIPO. International law should recognize explicitly that primary and secondary legal materials are public domain and thus not subject to copyright or related rights. This will bring outdated copyright norms across the world up to date with current developments: the trend towards universal recognition of the right to access government information as part of human rights, the UN’s sustainable development goals with respect to access to law, and the rapid growth of open government policies worldwide, supported by the Open Government Partnership (OGP).
K1  - access to law
K1  - Copyright
K1  - Freedom of expression
K1  - frontpage
K1  - Fundamental rights
K1  - open government
K1  - right to know
ER  -

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Bibtex

Article{vanEechoud2016,
	title = {International copyright reform in support of open legal information (working paper draft, Sep. 2016)},
	author = {van Eechoud, M. and Guibault, L.},
	url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/OpendataCopyrightReform_ODRSdraft-WP_sep16.pdf},
	year = {0930},
	date = {2016-09-30},
	abstract = {This paper analyzes the status of legal information under international and national copyright laws. It argues that the current uncertainties with respect to the copyright status of primary legal materials (legislation, court decisions) and secondary legal materials such as parliamentary records and other official texts relevant to the interpretation of law, constitute a barrier to access and use. The time has come for reform of the international copyright system in WIPO. International law should recognize explicitly that primary and secondary legal materials are public domain and thus not subject to copyright or related rights. This will bring outdated copyright norms across the world up to date with current developments: the trend towards universal recognition of the right to access government information as part of human rights, the UN’s sustainable development goals with respect to access to law, and the rapid growth of open government policies worldwide, supported by the Open Government Partnership (OGP).},
	keywords = {access to law, Copyright, Freedom of expression, frontpage, Fundamental rights, open government, right to know},
}

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Shrinking core? Exploring the differential agenda setting power of traditional and personalized news external link

Möller, J., Helberger, N., Trilling, D., Irion, K. & Vreese, C.H. de

info, vol. 18, num: 6, pp: 26-41, 2016

Abstract

A shared issue agenda provides democracies with a set of topics that structure the public debate. The advent of personalized news media that use smart algorithms to tailor the news offer to the user challenges the established way of setting the agenda of such a common core of issues. This paper tests the effects of personalized news use on perceived importance of these issues in the common core. In particular we study whether personalized news use leads to a concentration at the top of the issue agenda or to a more diverse issue agenda with a long tail of topics. Based on a cross-sectional survey of a representative population sample (N=1556), we find that personalized news use does not lead to a small common core in which few topics are discussed extensively, yet there is a relationship between personalized news use and a preference for less discussed topics. This is a result of a specific user profile of personalized news users: younger, more educated news users are more interested in topics at the fringes of the common core and also make more use of personalized news offers. The results are discussed in the light of media diversity and recent advances in public sphere research.

Links

common core, fragmentation, frontpage, Media law, media law & policy, Personalisation, survey

RIS

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Möller, J.
AU  - Helberger, N.
AU  - Trilling, D.
AU  - Irion, K.
AU  - Vreese, C.H. de
PY  - 0927
DA  - 2016-09-27
T1  - Shrinking core? Exploring the differential agenda setting power of traditional and personalized news
JO  - info
VL  - 18
NV  - 6
SP  - 26-41
DO  - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/info-05-2016-0020
AB  - A shared issue agenda provides democracies with a set of topics that structure the
public debate. The advent of personalized news media that use smart algorithms to tailor the
news offer to the user challenges the established way of setting the agenda of such a common
core of issues. This paper tests the effects of personalized news use on perceived importance
of these issues in the common core. In particular we study whether personalized news use
leads to a concentration at the top of the issue agenda or to a more diverse issue agenda with
a long tail of topics. Based on a cross-sectional survey of a representative population sample
(N=1556), we find that personalized news use does not lead to a small common core in which
few topics are discussed extensively, yet there is a relationship between personalized news
use and a preference for less discussed topics. This is a result of a specific user profile of
personalized news users: younger, more educated news users are more interested in topics at
the fringes of the common core and also make more use of personalized news offers. The
results are discussed in the light of media diversity and recent advances in public sphere
research.
K1  - common core
K1  - fragmentation
K1  - frontpage
K1  - Media law
K1  - media law &amp; policy
K1  - Personalisation
K1  - survey
ER  -

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Bibtex

Article{Moeller2016,
	title = {Shrinking core? Exploring the differential agenda setting power of traditional and personalized news},
	author = {Möller, J. and Helberger, N. and Trilling, D. and Irion, K. and Vreese, C.H. de},
	url = {http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/info-05-2016-0020},
	doi = {https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/info-05-2016-0020},
	year = {0927},
	date = {2016-09-27},
	journal = {info},
	volume = {18},
	number = {6},
	pages = {26-41},
	abstract = {A shared issue agenda provides democracies with a set of topics that structure the
public debate. The advent of personalized news media that use smart algorithms to tailor the
news offer to the user challenges the established way of setting the agenda of such a common
core of issues. This paper tests the effects of personalized news use on perceived importance
of these issues in the common core. In particular we study whether personalized news use
leads to a concentration at the top of the issue agenda or to a more diverse issue agenda with
a long tail of topics. Based on a cross-sectional survey of a representative population sample
(N=1556), we find that personalized news use does not lead to a small common core in which
few topics are discussed extensively, yet there is a relationship between personalized news
use and a preference for less discussed topics. This is a result of a specific user profile of
personalized news users: younger, more educated news users are more interested in topics at
the fringes of the common core and also make more use of personalized news offers. The
results are discussed in the light of media diversity and recent advances in public sphere
research.},
	keywords = {common core, fragmentation, frontpage, Media law, media law &amp; policy, Personalisation, survey},
}

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Europeana Sounds and Copyrights: The Need for and Challenges in Licensing Archival Material external link

Schroff, S.

2015

Links

http://pro.europeana.eu/files/Europeana_Professional/Projects/Project_list/Europeana_Sounds/Other%20documents%20related%20to%20the%20project/Europeana%20Report%20by%20IVIR%20final.pdf

collective management, Copyright, Europeana, Licensing

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Collective Management Organisations, Creativity and Cultural Diversity external link

Street, J., Laing, D. & Schroff, S.

CREATe Working Paper Series, vol. 2015/02, pp: 1-31, 2015

Links

http://www.create.ac.uk/publications/collective-management-organisations-creativity-and-cultural-diversity/

CMO, collective management, creativity, cultural diversity

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Requirements for Diligent Search in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Italy external link

Favale, M., Schroff, S. & Bertoni, A.

num: 1-48, 2016

Links

http://diligentsearch.eu/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Deliverable1-1-Diligent-Search3Countries.pdf

diligent search, orphan works

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Regulating CMOs by competition: an incomplete answer to the licensing problem? external link

Hviid, M., Schroff, S. & Street, J.

CREATe Working Paper Series, vol. 2016/03, pp: 1- 31, 2016

Abstract

While the three functions of Collective Management Organisations – to licence use, monitor use, and to collect and distribute the revenue – have traditionally been accepted as leading to a natural (national) monopoly, digital exploitation of music may no longer support such a conclusion. The European Commission has challenged the traditional structures through reforms that increase the degree of competition. This paper asks whether the reforms have had the desired effect and shows, through qualitative research, that at least as regards the streaming of music, competition has not delivered. Part of the reason for this may be that the services required by the now competing CMOs have changed.

Links

http://www.create.ac.uk/publications/regulating-cmos-by-competition-an-incomplete-answer-to-the-licensing-problem/

collective management, competition, Licensing

RIS

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hviid, M.
AU  - Schroff, S.
AU  - Street, J.
PY  - 0301
DA  - 2016-03-01
T1  - Regulating CMOs by competition: an incomplete answer to the licensing problem?
JO  - CREATe Working Paper Series
VL  - 2016/03
SP  - 1- 31
AB  - While the three functions of Collective Management Organisations – to licence use, monitor use, and to collect and distribute the revenue – have traditionally been accepted as leading to a natural (national) monopoly, digital exploitation of music may no longer support such a conclusion. The European Commission has challenged the traditional structures through reforms that increase the degree of competition. This paper asks whether the reforms have had the desired effect and shows, through qualitative research, that at least as regards the streaming of music, competition has not delivered. Part of the reason for this may be that the services required by the now competing CMOs have changed.
K1  - collective management
K1  - competition
K1  - Licensing
ER  -

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Bibtex

Article{Hviid2016,
	title = {Regulating CMOs by competition: an incomplete answer to the licensing problem?},
	author = {Hviid, M. and Schroff, S. and Street, J.},
	url = {http://www.create.ac.uk/publications/regulating-cmos-by-competition-an-incomplete-answer-to-the-licensing-problem/},
	year = {0301},
	date = {2016-03-01},
	journal = {CREATe Working Paper Series},
	volume = {2016/03},
	pages = {1- 31},
	abstract = {While the three functions of Collective Management Organisations – to licence use, monitor use, and to collect and distribute the revenue – have traditionally been accepted as leading to a natural (national) monopoly, digital exploitation of music may no longer support such a conclusion. The European Commission has challenged the traditional structures through reforms that increase the degree of competition. This paper asks whether the reforms have had the desired effect and shows, through qualitative research, that at least as regards the streaming of music, competition has not delivered. Part of the reason for this may be that the services required by the now competing CMOs have changed.},
	keywords = {collective management, competition, Licensing},
}

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Regulating for Creativity and Cultural Diversity: the Case of Collective Management Organisations and the Music Industry external link

Street, J., Laing, D. & Schroff, S.

International Journal of Cultural Policy, pp: 1-16, 2017

Abstract

This paper explores the role of intermediary institutions in promoting creativity and cultural diversity in the music industry, and the impact of cultural policy on the performance of those intermediaries. It reviews some of the existing literature on the relationship between economic conditions and innovation in music, and argues that too little attention has been paid to intermediaries. Focusing on collective management organisations (CMOs) as one example of overlooked intermediaries, we illustrate, by way of comparison, the different priorities and incentives that drive CMO practice. These variations, we suggest, are important to appreciating how CMOs operate as intermediaries in different territories. We then turn our attention to recent attempts by the EU to reform CMO practice as part of its Digital Single Market project. The fact that the CMO has been an object of reform is indicative of its importance. However, there is more at stake here: the reforms themselves, in seeking to change the role and behaviour of CMOs will, we suggest, have profound consequences for the market in music in Europe, and for creativity and cultural diversity within that market.

Links

collective management organisations, Copyright, creativity, cultural diversity, Digital Single Market, EU, frontpage, music industry

RIS

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Street, J.
AU  - Laing, D.
AU  - Schroff, S.
PY  - 0117
DA  - 2017-01-17
T1  - Regulating for Creativity and Cultural Diversity: the Case of Collective Management Organisations and the Music Industry
JO  - International Journal of Cultural Policy
SP  - 1-16
DO  - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2016.1178733
AB  - This paper explores the role of intermediary institutions in promoting creativity and cultural diversity in the music industry, and the impact of cultural policy on the performance of those intermediaries. It reviews some of the existing literature on the relationship between economic conditions and innovation in music, and argues that too little attention has been paid to intermediaries. Focusing on collective management organisations (CMOs) as one example of overlooked intermediaries, we illustrate, by way of comparison, the different priorities and incentives that drive CMO practice. These variations, we suggest, are important to appreciating how CMOs operate as intermediaries in different territories. We then turn our attention to recent attempts by the EU to reform CMO practice as part of its Digital Single Market project. The fact that the CMO has been an object of reform is indicative of its importance. However, there is more at stake here: the reforms themselves, in seeking to change the role and behaviour of CMOs will, we suggest, have profound consequences for the market in music in Europe, and for creativity and cultural diversity within that market.
K1  - collective management organisations
K1  - Copyright
K1  - creativity
K1  - cultural diversity
K1  - Digital Single Market
K1  - EU
K1  - frontpage
K1  - music industry
ER  -

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Bibtex

Article{Street2016,
	title = {Regulating for Creativity and Cultural Diversity: the Case of Collective Management Organisations and the Music Industry},
	author = {Street, J. and Laing, D. and Schroff, S.},
	url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10286632.2016.1178733},
	doi = {https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2016.1178733},
	year = {0117},
	date = {2017-01-17},
	journal = {International Journal of Cultural Policy},
	pages = {1-16},
	abstract = {This paper explores the role of intermediary institutions in promoting creativity and cultural diversity in the music industry, and the impact of cultural policy on the performance of those intermediaries. It reviews some of the existing literature on the relationship between economic conditions and innovation in music, and argues that too little attention has been paid to intermediaries. Focusing on collective management organisations (CMOs) as one example of overlooked intermediaries, we illustrate, by way of comparison, the different priorities and incentives that drive CMO practice. These variations, we suggest, are important to appreciating how CMOs operate as intermediaries in different territories. We then turn our attention to recent attempts by the EU to reform CMO practice as part of its Digital Single Market project. The fact that the CMO has been an object of reform is indicative of its importance. However, there is more at stake here: the reforms themselves, in seeking to change the role and behaviour of CMOs will, we suggest, have profound consequences for the market in music in Europe, and for creativity and cultural diversity within that market.},
	keywords = {collective management organisations, Copyright, creativity, cultural diversity, Digital Single Market, EU, frontpage, music industry},
}

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Facebook is a new breed of editor: a social editor external link

Helberger, N.

2016

Abstract

Facebook’s approach to allowing, censoring or prioritising content that appears in the news feed has recently been the focus of much attention, both media and governmental. Professor Natali Helberger of the Institute for Information Law at the University of Amsterdam argues that we need to seek to understand the new kind of editorial role that Facebook is playing, in order to know how to tackle the questions it raises.

Links

http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/mediapolicyproject/2016/09/15/facebook-is-a-new-breed-of-editor-a-social-editor/

editor, Facebook, frontpage, media law and policy, social

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A Few Legal and Economic Questions external link

Dommering, E.

0812, pp: p. 104-110

Links

http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/LOOP.pdf

Database right, frontpage, Intellectual property, Kluwer Information Law Series

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