Flexible Copyright: The Law and Economics of Introducing and Open Norm in the Netherlands

Flexible Copyright: The Law and Economics of Introducing and Open Norm in the Netherlands external link

van der Noll, R., Weda, J., Akker, I., Guibault, L., van Gompel, S., Poort, J. & Breemen, J.

2012

Abstract

This study analyses the law and economics of introducing flexibility in the system of exceptions and limitations in Dutch copyright law. Flexibility would exist in an open norm, on the basis of which the courts can decide whether certain uses of copyrighted material are permissible or not, instead of explicitly defining this in the law. The report assesses problem areas where the lack of flexibility creates legal disputes and potential barriers to innovation and production. The core of the study concerns the analysis of the economic rationale and effects of introducing flexibility in the Dutch legal order in the form of an open norm.

Links

http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Flexible_Copyright.pdf

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

RIS

TY  - RPRT
AU  - van der Noll, R.
AU  - Weda, J.
AU  - Akker, I.
AU  - Guibault, L.
AU  - van Gompel, S.
AU  - Poort, J.
AU  - Breemen, J.
PY  - 1101
DA  - 2012-11-01
T1  - Flexible Copyright: The Law and Economics of Introducing and Open Norm in the Netherlands
UR  - http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Flexible_Copyright.pdf
AB  - This study analyses the law and economics of introducing flexibility in the system of exceptions and limitations in Dutch copyright law. Flexibility would exist in an open norm, on the basis of which the courts can decide whether certain uses of copyrighted material are permissible or not, instead of explicitly defining this in the law. The report assesses problem areas where the lack of flexibility creates legal disputes and potential barriers to innovation and production. The core of the study concerns the analysis of the economic rationale and effects of introducing flexibility in the Dutch legal order in the form of an open norm.
K1  - Auteursrecht
K1  - Intellectuele eigendom
ER  -

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Licensing Research Data under Open Access Conditions external link

Guibault, L.

2013

Links

http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Open_Research_Data.pdf

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

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De vaststelling van de thuiskopievergoeding external link

van Gompel, S.

AMI, num: 2, pp: 52-62, 2006

Abstract

In dit artikel wordt beschreven hoe in Nederland de thuiskopievergoedingen worden vastgesteld. Een sleutelrol is daarbij weggelegd voor de SONT, waarbinnen rechthebbenden en betalingsplichtigen onderhandelen over de vast te stellen vergoeding. Gekeken wordt in hoeverre bij de vaststelling rekening gehouden wordt met de voorwaarden uit de Auteurswet en de Auteursrechtrichtlijn. Daarnaast wordt aan de orde gesteld of de zelfregulering tussen de marktpartijen werkt. Geconcludeerd wordt dat beide aspecten te wensen over laten en dat het daarom passelijk zou zijn als de wetgever aanvullend of corrigerend op zou treden.

Links

http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AMI_2_2006.pdf

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

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The Recasting of Copyright & Related Rights for the Knowledge Economy external link

van Gompel, S., van Eechoud, M., Guibault, L., Helberger, N. & Hugenholtz, P.B.

2007

Abstract

Study carried out by the Institute for Information Law for the European Commission (DG Internal Market). Chapters 1 and 2 describe and examine the existing 'acquis communautaire' in the field of copyright and related (neighbouring) rights, with special focus on inconsistencies and unclarities. Chapters 3-6 deal with distinct issues that were identified a priori by the European Commission as meriting special attention: possible extension of the term of protection of phonograms (Chapter 3), possible alignment of the term of protection of co-written musical works (Chapter 4), the problems connected to multiple copyright ownership, including the issue of 'orphan works' (Chapter 5), and copyright awareness among consumers (Chapter 6). Chapter 7 provides an overall assessment of the benefits and drawbacks of the fifteen years of harmonisation of copyright and related rights in the EU and dwells on regulatory alternatives.

Links

http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/IViR_Recast_Final_Report_2006.pdf

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

RIS

TY  - RPRT
AU  - van Gompel, S.
AU  - van Eechoud, M.
AU  - Guibault, L.
AU  - Helberger, N.
AU  - Hugenholtz, P.B.
PY  - 0110
DA  - 2007-01-10
T1  - The Recasting of Copyright & Related Rights for the Knowledge Economy
UR  - http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/IViR_Recast_Final_Report_2006.pdf
AB  - Study carried out by the Institute for Information Law for the European Commission (DG Internal Market). Chapters 1 and 2 describe and examine the existing 'acquis communautaire' in the field of copyright and related (neighbouring) rights, with special focus on inconsistencies and unclarities. Chapters 3-6 deal with distinct issues that were identified a priori by the European Commission as meriting special attention: possible extension of the term of protection of phonograms (Chapter 3), possible alignment of the term of protection of co-written musical works (Chapter 4), the problems connected to multiple copyright ownership, including the issue of 'orphan works' (Chapter 5), and copyright awareness among consumers (Chapter 6). Chapter 7 provides an overall assessment of the benefits and drawbacks of the fifteen years of harmonisation of copyright and related rights in the EU and dwells on regulatory alternatives.
K1  - Auteursrecht
K1  - Intellectuele eigendom
ER  -

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Report{nokey,
	title = {The Recasting of Copyright & Related Rights for the Knowledge Economy},
	author = {van Gompel, S. and van Eechoud, M. and Guibault, L. and Helberger, N. and Hugenholtz, P.B.},
	year = {0110},
	date = {2007-01-10},
	abstract = {Study carried out by the Institute for Information Law for the European Commission (DG Internal Market). Chapters 1 and 2 describe and examine the existing 'acquis communautaire' in the field of copyright and related (neighbouring) rights, with special focus on inconsistencies and unclarities. Chapters 3-6 deal with distinct issues that were identified a priori by the European Commission as meriting special attention: possible extension of the term of protection of phonograms (Chapter 3), possible alignment of the term of protection of co-written musical works (Chapter 4), the problems connected to multiple copyright ownership, including the issue of 'orphan works' (Chapter 5), and copyright awareness among consumers (Chapter 6). Chapter 7 provides an overall assessment of the benefits and drawbacks of the fifteen years of harmonisation of copyright and related rights in the EU and dwells on regulatory alternatives.},
	keywords = {Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom},
}

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Audiovisual Archives and the Inability to Clear Rights in Orphan Works external link

van Gompel, S.

IRIS plus (Supplement to IRIS - Legal Observations of the European Audiovisual Observatory), num: 4, pp: 1-8, 2007

Abstract

Dit artikel behandelt het vraagstuk van de zogenaamde 'verweesde werken' (orphan works). Verweesde werken zijn werken waarvan de rechthebbenden niet geïdentificeerd of gelokaliseerd kunnen worden. Het feit dat een rechthebbende onvindbaar is, maakt het onmogelijk om toestemming te verkrijgen en het werk op een legale manier te hergebruiken. Om het potentieel te kunnen ontsluiten van de vele bestaande werken die zijn opgeslagen in audiovisuele archieven is het noodzakelijk dat juridische oplossingen worden gevonden die dit probleem op een adequate manier aanpakken. In dit artikel worden een aantal oplossingen beschreven die mogelijkerwijs geïntroduceerd zouden kunnen worden op Europees of nationaal niveau.

Links

http://www.obs.coe.int/oea_publ/iris/iris_plus/iplus4_2007.pdf.en

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

RIS

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van Gompel, S.
PY  - 0420
DA  - 2007-04-20
T1  - Audiovisual Archives and the Inability to Clear Rights in Orphan Works
JO  - IRIS plus (Supplement to IRIS - Legal Observations of the European Audiovisual Observatory)
NV  - 4
SP  - 1-8
UR  - http://www.obs.coe.int/oea_publ/iris/iris_plus/iplus4_2007.pdf.en
AB  - Dit artikel behandelt het vraagstuk van de zogenaamde 'verweesde werken' (orphan works). Verweesde werken zijn werken waarvan de rechthebbenden niet geïdentificeerd of gelokaliseerd kunnen worden. Het feit dat een rechthebbende onvindbaar is, maakt het onmogelijk om toestemming te verkrijgen en het werk op een legale manier te hergebruiken. Om het potentieel te kunnen ontsluiten van de vele bestaande werken die zijn opgeslagen in audiovisuele archieven is het noodzakelijk dat juridische oplossingen worden gevonden die dit probleem op een adequate manier aanpakken. In dit artikel worden een aantal oplossingen beschreven die mogelijkerwijs geïntroduceerd zouden kunnen worden op Europees of nationaal niveau.
K1  - Auteursrecht
K1  - Intellectuele eigendom
ER  -

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Article{nokey,
	title = {Audiovisual Archives and the Inability to Clear Rights in Orphan Works},
	author = {van Gompel, S.},
	year = {0420},
	date = {2007-04-20},
	journal = {IRIS plus (Supplement to IRIS - Legal Observations of the European Audiovisual Observatory)},
	number = {4},
	pages = {1-8},
	abstract = {Dit artikel behandelt het vraagstuk van de zogenaamde 'verweesde werken' (orphan works). Verweesde werken zijn werken waarvan de rechthebbenden niet geïdentificeerd of gelokaliseerd kunnen worden. Het feit dat een rechthebbende onvindbaar is, maakt het onmogelijk om toestemming te verkrijgen en het werk op een legale manier te hergebruiken. Om het potentieel te kunnen ontsluiten van de vele bestaande werken die zijn opgeslagen in audiovisuele archieven is het noodzakelijk dat juridische oplossingen worden gevonden die dit probleem op een adequate manier aanpakken. In dit artikel worden een aantal oplossingen beschreven die mogelijkerwijs geïntroduceerd zouden kunnen worden op Europees of nationaal niveau.},
	keywords = {Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom},
}

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Unlocking the Potential of Pre-Existing Content: How to Address the Issue of Orphan Works in Europe? external link

van Gompel, S.

IIC, num: 6, pp: 669-702, 2008

Links

http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/IIC_2007_6_orphan_works.pdf

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

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Les formalités sont mortes, vive les formalités! Copyright formalities and the reasons for their decline in nineteenth century Europe, external link

van Gompel, S.

2010

Abstract

Modern copyright law is based on the premise that copyright originates from original authorship and exists independently from formalities. This was different in the past, when copyright law was fully occupied with formalities. This paper examines the development of copyright formalities against the background of the upcoming national rights thinking and some conceptual innovations in copyright law in nineteenth century Europe (France, Germany, the Netherlands and the UK). Among other things, this paper concludes that, from a historical perspective, formalities are not as incompatible with the natural rights view as is commonly believed. This may cast new light on the possible reintroduction of copyright formalities, which is increasingly called for in the current digital era.

Links

http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/privilege_and_property.pdf

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

RIS

TY  - GEN
AU  - van Gompel, S.
PY  - 0901
DA  - 2010-09-01
T1  - Les formalités sont mortes, vive les formalités! Copyright formalities and the reasons for their decline in nineteenth century Europe,
UR  - http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/privilege_and_property.pdf
AB  - Modern copyright law is based on the premise that copyright originates from original authorship and exists independently from formalities. This was different in the past, when copyright law was fully occupied with formalities. This paper examines the development of copyright formalities against the background of the upcoming national rights thinking and some conceptual innovations in copyright law in nineteenth century Europe (France, Germany, the Netherlands and the UK). Among other things, this paper concludes that, from a historical perspective, formalities are not as incompatible with the natural rights view as is commonly believed. This may cast new light on the possible reintroduction of copyright formalities, which is increasingly called for in the current digital era.
K1  - Auteursrecht
K1  - Intellectuele eigendom
ER  -

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Other{nokey,
	title = {Les formalités sont mortes, vive les formalités! Copyright formalities and the reasons for their decline in nineteenth century Europe,},
	author = {van Gompel, S.},
	year = {0901},
	date = {2010-09-01},
	abstract = {Modern copyright law is based on the premise that copyright originates from original authorship and exists independently from formalities. This was different in the past, when copyright law was fully occupied with formalities. This paper examines the development of copyright formalities against the background of the upcoming national rights thinking and some conceptual innovations in copyright law in nineteenth century Europe (France, Germany, the Netherlands and the UK). Among other things, this paper concludes that, from a historical perspective, formalities are not as incompatible with the natural rights view as is commonly believed. This may cast new light on the possible reintroduction of copyright formalities, which is increasingly called for in the current digital era.},
	keywords = {Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom},
}

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Formalities in the digital era: an obstacle or opportunity?, external link

van Gompel, S.

2010

Abstract

This paper, which was presented at the 2009 ALAI conference in London, examines the possible reintroduction of copyright formalities against the background of the challenges that copyright law faces in the digital era. It does so by contrasting the current calls for reintroducing formalities with the legal-historical reasons for their abolition. The paper concludes that, while, in the pre-digital era, the objections against copyright formalities were real, in the light of the changes caused by the advent of digital technologies, there is now sufficient reason to reconsider subjecting copyright to formalities.

Links

http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Formalities_in_the_digital_era.pdf

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

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Digitisation and Online Exploitation of Broadcasters’ Archives external link

van Gompel, S. & Angelopoulos, C.

European Audiovisual Observatory, 0114, Series: IRIS Special, pp: 91, ISBN: 9789287169976

Abstract

The archives of many television broadcasters now contain materiel which includes more than half a century of contemporary, documentary and entertainment history and are of immense cultural and economic value. Digitisation has created an entirely new technical basis for making these assets available to a wide audience, and there are a whole range of projects aimed at opening up audiovisual archives (including those of broadcasters). However, many projects to open up broadcasters' archives and exploit them online generally run up against serious problems when it comes to clearing the rights for these archived works. These problems arise, firstly, due to a contractual practice that developed in the pre-digital era and to aspects of copyright law that do not really meet the needs of the digital age. Secondly, the very large number of works stored in archives constitutes a challenge that is not easily overcome. The aim of this IRIS Special is to discuss the subject from a number of different perspectives. The team of authors involved is accordingly made up of representatives of many different interests: copyright holders and those who look after their interests, television broadcasters, lawyers and copyright experts.

Links

http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/707.pdf

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

RIS

TY  - BOOK
AU  - van Gompel, S.
AU  - Angelopoulos, C.
PY  - 0114
DA  - 2011-01-14
T1  - Digitisation and Online Exploitation of Broadcasters’ Archives
SP  - 91
UR  - http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/707.pdf
AB  - The archives of many television broadcasters now contain materiel which includes more than half a century of contemporary, documentary and entertainment history and are of immense cultural and economic value. Digitisation has created an entirely new technical basis for making these assets available to a wide audience, and there are a whole range of projects aimed at opening up audiovisual archives (including those of broadcasters). However, many projects to open up broadcasters' archives and exploit them online generally run up against serious problems when it comes to clearing the rights for these archived works. These problems arise, firstly, due to a contractual practice that developed in the pre-digital era and to aspects of copyright law that do not really meet the needs of the digital age. Secondly, the very large number of works stored in archives constitutes a challenge that is not easily overcome. The aim of this IRIS Special is to discuss the subject from a number of different perspectives. The team of authors involved is accordingly made up of representatives of many different interests: copyright holders and those who look after their interests, television broadcasters, lawyers and copyright experts.
K1  - Auteursrecht
K1  - Intellectuele eigendom
ER  -

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Bibtex

Book{nokey,
	title = {Digitisation and Online Exploitation of Broadcasters’ Archives},
	author = {van Gompel, S. and Angelopoulos, C.},
	year = {0114},
	date = {2011-01-14},
	pages = {91},
	abstract = {The archives of many television broadcasters now contain materiel which includes more than half a century of contemporary, documentary and entertainment history and are of immense cultural and economic value. Digitisation has created an entirely new technical basis for making these assets available to a wide audience, and there are a whole range of projects aimed at opening up audiovisual archives (including those of broadcasters). However, many projects to open up broadcasters' archives and exploit them online generally run up against serious problems when it comes to clearing the rights for these archived works. These problems arise, firstly, due to a contractual practice that developed in the pre-digital era and to aspects of copyright law that do not really meet the needs of the digital age. Secondly, the very large number of works stored in archives constitutes a challenge that is not easily overcome. The aim of this IRIS Special is to discuss the subject from a number of different perspectives. The team of authors involved is accordingly made up of representatives of many different interests: copyright holders and those who look after their interests, television broadcasters, lawyers and copyright experts.},
	keywords = {Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom},
}

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Collective Management in the European Union, external link

van Gompel, S. & Guibault, L.

2011

Abstract

This chapter examines efforts to regulate the collective management of copyright at the European level. It is divided in three main parts. First, the chapter describes the current state of the law concerning collective rights management organizations (CMOs) in Europe, as pronounced over the past few decades in decisions of the European Court of Justice and the European Commission in competition matters. Second, the chapter discusses the recent efforts deployed by the European lawmakers toward the establishment of a legal framework governing the activities of CMOs in Europe, and more specifically the multi-territorial licensing of online music services. The third part analyses the actual and potential impact on the market for the cross-border collective management of legitimate online music services of the most recent measures adopted by the European bodies. The chapter critically concludes on the overall state of the law in Europe pertaining to CMOs.

Links

http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Chapter%205_Guibault-Gompel_preprint.pdf

Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom

RIS

TY  - GEN
AU  - van Gompel, S.
AU  - Guibault, L.
PY  - 0713
DA  - 2011-07-13
T1  - Collective Management in the European Union,
UR  - http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Chapter%205_Guibault-Gompel_preprint.pdf
AB  - This chapter examines efforts to regulate the collective management of copyright at the European level. It is divided in three main parts. First, the chapter describes the current state of the law concerning collective rights management organizations (CMOs) in Europe, as pronounced over the past few decades in decisions of the European Court of Justice and the European Commission in competition matters. Second, the chapter discusses the recent efforts deployed by the European lawmakers toward the establishment of a legal framework governing the activities of CMOs in Europe, and more specifically the multi-territorial licensing of online music services. The third part analyses the actual and potential impact on the market for the cross-border collective management of legitimate online music services of the most recent measures adopted by the European bodies. The chapter critically concludes on the overall state of the law in Europe pertaining to CMOs.
K1  - Auteursrecht
K1  - Intellectuele eigendom
ER  -

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Bibtex

Other{nokey,
	title = {Collective Management in the European Union,},
	author = {van Gompel, S. and Guibault, L.},
	year = {0713},
	date = {2011-07-13},
	abstract = {This chapter examines efforts to regulate the collective management of copyright at the European level. It is divided in three main parts. First, the chapter describes the current state of the law concerning collective rights management organizations (CMOs) in Europe, as pronounced over the past few decades in decisions of the European Court of Justice and the European Commission in competition matters. Second, the chapter discusses the recent efforts deployed by the European lawmakers toward the establishment of a legal framework governing the activities of CMOs in Europe, and more specifically the multi-territorial licensing of online music services. The third part analyses the actual and potential impact on the market for the cross-border collective management of legitimate online music services of the most recent measures adopted by the European bodies. The chapter critically concludes on the overall state of the law in Europe pertaining to CMOs.},
	keywords = {Auteursrecht, Intellectuele eigendom},
}

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