From Data Minimization to Data Minimummization external link

pp: 273-287, 2012

Abstract

Data mining and profiling offer great opportunities, but also involve risks related to privacy and discrimination. Both problems are often addressed by implementing data minimization principles, which entail restrictions on gathering, processing and using data. Although data minimization can sometimes help to minimize the scale of damage that may take place in relation to privacy and discrimination, for example when a data leak occurs or when data are being misused, it has several disadvantages as well. Firstly, the dataset loses a rather large part of its value when personal and sensitive data are filtered from it. Secondly, by deleting these data, the context in which the data were gathered and had a certain meaning is lost. This chapter will argue that this loss of contextuality, which is inherent to data mining as such but is aggravated by the use of data minimization principles, gives rise to or aggravates already existing privacy and discrimination problems. Thus, an opposite approach is suggested, namely that of data minimummization, which requires a minimum set of data being gathered, stored and clustered when used in practice. This chapter argues that if the data minimummization principle is not realized, this may lead to quite some inconveniences; on the other hand, if the principle is realized, new techniques can be developed that rely on the context of the data, which may provide for innovative solutions. However, this is far from a solved problem and it requires further research.

Grondrechten, Privacy

Bibtex

Other{nokey, title = {From Data Minimization to Data Minimummization}, author = {van der Sloot, B.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/85.pdf}, year = {1120}, date = {2012-11-20}, abstract = {Data mining and profiling offer great opportunities, but also involve risks related to privacy and discrimination. Both problems are often addressed by implementing data minimization principles, which entail restrictions on gathering, processing and using data. Although data minimization can sometimes help to minimize the scale of damage that may take place in relation to privacy and discrimination, for example when a data leak occurs or when data are being misused, it has several disadvantages as well. Firstly, the dataset loses a rather large part of its value when personal and sensitive data are filtered from it. Secondly, by deleting these data, the context in which the data were gathered and had a certain meaning is lost. This chapter will argue that this loss of contextuality, which is inherent to data mining as such but is aggravated by the use of data minimization principles, gives rise to or aggravates already existing privacy and discrimination problems. Thus, an opposite approach is suggested, namely that of data minimummization, which requires a minimum set of data being gathered, stored and clustered when used in practice. This chapter argues that if the data minimummization principle is not realized, this may lead to quite some inconveniences; on the other hand, if the principle is realized, new techniques can be developed that rely on the context of the data, which may provide for innovative solutions. However, this is far from a solved problem and it requires further research.}, keywords = {Grondrechten, Privacy}, }

Google’s Dead End, or: on Street View and the Right to Data Protection: An analysis of Google Street View’s compatibility with EU data protection law external link

Computer Law Review International, num: 4, pp: 103-109, 2012

Abstract

May a company photograph the daily lives of people all over the world, store those photos, and publish them on the internet? This article assesses which obligations Google has to fulfil in order to respect the European data protection rules. The focus lies on three questions. First, which data processed for the Street View service are personal data? Second, does Google have a legitimate ground for processing personal data? Third, does Google comply with its transparency obligations and does it respect the rights of the data subjects, specifically their right to information?

Bescherming van communicatie, Grondrechten

Bibtex

Article{nokey, title = {Google’s Dead End, or: on Street View and the Right to Data Protection: An analysis of Google Street View’s compatibility with EU data protection law}, author = {van der Sloot, B. and Zuiderveen Borgesius, F.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/84.pdf}, year = {1120}, date = {2012-11-20}, journal = {Computer Law Review International}, number = {4}, abstract = {May a company photograph the daily lives of people all over the world, store those photos, and publish them on the internet? This article assesses which obligations Google has to fulfil in order to respect the European data protection rules. The focus lies on three questions. First, which data processed for the Street View service are personal data? Second, does Google have a legitimate ground for processing personal data? Third, does Google comply with its transparency obligations and does it respect the rights of the data subjects, specifically their right to information?}, keywords = {Bescherming van communicatie, Grondrechten}, }

Walking a Thin Line: The Regulation of EPGs external link

Jipitec, num: 2, pp: 138-147, 2012

Abstract

The digitisation of television broadcasting has facilitated an exponential growth both in the number and the diversity of programs and channels. Electronic Programme Guides (EPGs) help consumers find their way in this abundance of offerings.EPGs serve as a classical listing magazine or broadcasting guide with extensive information on television programs; like VCRs, they enable the recording of programs; as search engines, they allow users to look for content on the basis of a keyword; and finally, EPGs list the most favoured programs on the first page, either on the basis of popularity, the personal profile of the consumer or on the basis of agreements with particular broadcasting agencies. This article assesses how various European countries approach the regulation of EPGs and determines whether and how they try to reaffirm guarantees for diversity and pluralism in the digital television environment.

Mediarecht

Bibtex

Article{nokey, title = {Walking a Thin Line: The Regulation of EPGs}, author = {van der Sloot, B.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/JIPITEC_2012_2.pdf}, year = {1120}, date = {2012-11-20}, journal = {Jipitec}, number = {2}, abstract = {The digitisation of television broadcasting has facilitated an exponential growth both in the number and the diversity of programs and channels. Electronic Programme Guides (EPGs) help consumers find their way in this abundance of offerings.EPGs serve as a classical listing magazine or broadcasting guide with extensive information on television programs; like VCRs, they enable the recording of programs; as search engines, they allow users to look for content on the basis of a keyword; and finally, EPGs list the most favoured programs on the first page, either on the basis of popularity, the personal profile of the consumer or on the basis of agreements with particular broadcasting agencies. This article assesses how various European countries approach the regulation of EPGs and determines whether and how they try to reaffirm guarantees for diversity and pluralism in the digital television environment.}, keywords = {Mediarecht}, }

De amendementen van de Richtlijn Burgerrechten op de e-Privacyrichtlijn external link

Privacy & Informatie, num: 4, pp: 162-172, 2010

Abstract

De e-Privacyrichtlijn, betreffende de verwerking van persoonsgegevens en de bescherming van de persoonlijke levenssfeer in de sector elektronische communicatie, is onlangs gewijzigd door de Richtlijn Burgerrechten. De wijzigingen worden in dit artikel benoemd en becommentarieerd. Enkele van de belangrijkste wijzigingen zijn de introductie van een opt-in-regel voor cookies, een meldplicht voor datalekken, de mogelijkheid voor providers om spammers in rechte aan te spreken en een artikel betreffende de implementatie en publiekrechtelijke handhaving van de e-Privactrichtlijn.

Grondrechten, Privacy

Bibtex

Article{nokey, title = {De amendementen van de Richtlijn Burgerrechten op de e-Privacyrichtlijn}, author = {Zuiderveen Borgesius, F. and van der Sloot, B.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/P&I_2010_4.pdf}, year = {1015}, date = {2010-10-15}, journal = {Privacy & Informatie}, number = {4}, abstract = {De e-Privacyrichtlijn, betreffende de verwerking van persoonsgegevens en de bescherming van de persoonlijke levenssfeer in de sector elektronische communicatie, is onlangs gewijzigd door de Richtlijn Burgerrechten. De wijzigingen worden in dit artikel benoemd en becommentarieerd. Enkele van de belangrijkste wijzigingen zijn de introductie van een opt-in-regel voor cookies, een meldplicht voor datalekken, de mogelijkheid voor providers om spammers in rechte aan te spreken en een artikel betreffende de implementatie en publiekrechtelijke handhaving van de e-Privactrichtlijn.}, keywords = {Grondrechten, Privacy}, }

E-mail na de dood: juridische bescherming van privacybelangen external link

Privacy & Informatie, num: 5, pp: 212-224, 2009

Abstract

Aanbieders van online e-maildiensten zoals Gmail, Hotmail en Yahoo!, bieden een steeds grotere opslagcapaciteit aan hun abonnees, hetgeen de feitelijke beschikkingsmacht van deze aanbieders over de bij hun opgeslagen communicatie vergroot. De honger naar informatie van de aanbieders van dergelijke online communicatiediensten die vaak afhankelijk zijn van advertentie-inkomsten, wordt ruimschoots gevoed door de consument die gretig gebruik maakt van de veelal gratis aangeboden en haast ongelimiteerde opslagcapaciteit die hen in staat stelt om al hun communicatie vanaf iedere gewenste plek te raadplegen. Nu de generatie abonnees die via e-mail communiceert langzamerhand ouder begint te worden, rijst de vraag wat er zal gebeuren met de e-mailcommunicatie die staat opgeslagen bij de aanbieder na overlijden van de abonnee. De centrale vraag van dit artikel luidt dan ook: in hoeverre wordt het privacybelang van de abonnee van een online e-maildienst en diens communicatiepartners beschermd en kunnen zij dit belang beschermen als de abonnee komt te overlijden? Uit onze inventarisatie van de relevante wetgeving, jurisprudentie en literatuur blijkt dat de bescherming van de privacybelangen van de overleden abonnee en zijn communicatiepartners onduidelijk en zelfs gebrekkig is.

Grondrechten, Privacy

Bibtex

Article{nokey, title = {E-mail na de dood: juridische bescherming van privacybelangen}, author = {Zuiderveen Borgesius, F.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/PI_2009_5.pdf}, year = {1117}, date = {2009-11-17}, journal = {Privacy & Informatie}, number = {5}, abstract = {Aanbieders van online e-maildiensten zoals Gmail, Hotmail en Yahoo!, bieden een steeds grotere opslagcapaciteit aan hun abonnees, hetgeen de feitelijke beschikkingsmacht van deze aanbieders over de bij hun opgeslagen communicatie vergroot. De honger naar informatie van de aanbieders van dergelijke online communicatiediensten die vaak afhankelijk zijn van advertentie-inkomsten, wordt ruimschoots gevoed door de consument die gretig gebruik maakt van de veelal gratis aangeboden en haast ongelimiteerde opslagcapaciteit die hen in staat stelt om al hun communicatie vanaf iedere gewenste plek te raadplegen. Nu de generatie abonnees die via e-mail communiceert langzamerhand ouder begint te worden, rijst de vraag wat er zal gebeuren met de e-mailcommunicatie die staat opgeslagen bij de aanbieder na overlijden van de abonnee. De centrale vraag van dit artikel luidt dan ook: in hoeverre wordt het privacybelang van de abonnee van een online e-maildienst en diens communicatiepartners beschermd en kunnen zij dit belang beschermen als de abonnee komt te overlijden? Uit onze inventarisatie van de relevante wetgeving, jurisprudentie en literatuur blijkt dat de bescherming van de privacybelangen van de overleden abonnee en zijn communicatiepartners onduidelijk en zelfs gebrekkig is.}, keywords = {Grondrechten, Privacy}, }

Verkenning juridische mogelijkheden en economische effecten external link

van der Noll, R., Breemen, V., Hugenholtz, P., Brom, M. & Poort, J.
SEO Economisch Onderzoek/IViR, 0101, ISBN: ISBN 9789067339995

Bibtex

Book{nokey, title = {Verkenning juridische mogelijkheden en economische effecten}, author = {van der Noll, R. and Breemen, V. and Hugenholtz, P. and Brom, M. and Poort, J.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Online_uitlenen_van_e-books.pdf}, year = {0101}, date = {1970-01-01}, journal = {AMI}, }

Product Placement in European Audiovisual Productions external link

IRIS Plus, num: 3, pp: 1-21, 2010

Mediarecht

Bibtex

Article{nokey, title = {Product Placement in European Audiovisual Productions}, author = {Angelopoulos, C.}, url = {http://www.volkskrant.nl/vk/nl/2694/Tech-Media/article/detail/3624016/2014/03/28/Mag-Google-de-mails-lezen-van-Nederlandse-wetenschappers.dhtml}, year = {0806}, date = {2010-08-06}, journal = {IRIS Plus}, number = {3}, keywords = {Mediarecht}, }

Octrooien, tussen letter en geest, annotatie bij Hoge Raad 25 mei 2012 (AGA / Occlutech) external link

Berichten Industriële Eigendom, num: 12, pp: 64-70, 2013

Abstract

Extensive case-comment on the most important ruling in patent law in The Netherlands in the last five years. It addresses the ruling of the Dutch Supreme Court 25 May 2012 AGA v Occlutech. The paper contains a historical, transnational and comparative approach, tracing back the origins of some of the recent controversy on claim construction in the Netherlands, while also reflecting on recent literature and case-law in Germany and the United Kingdom. The author contrasts and compares the Dutch approach on claim construction with the new developments of the Revised Protocol of art. 69 of the European Patent Convention (EPC). The paper sets out and summarizes the Dutch standard for claim construction, touching on important elements in legal practice such as the impact of (a) the two-part form of a claim, (b) the file wrapper and patent prosecution history, (c) equivalence and (d) whether the degree of inventive step or innovative character of the patent, warrants a bigger scope of protection. It also compares the outcome of the decisions on the same patent between the same parties in Germany and the United Kingdom AGA and Occlutech. The paper concludes with looking back on the achievements of the EPC, while also looking forward to the new legislative developments surrounding the Unitary Patent and the Agreement for a Unified Patent Court.

Industriële eigendom, Octrooirecht

Bibtex

Other{nokey, title = {Octrooien, tussen letter en geest, annotatie bij Hoge Raad 25 mei 2012 (AGA / Occlutech)}, author = {Tsoutsanis, A.}, url = {http://ssrn.com/abstract=2233404}, year = {0315}, date = {2013-03-15}, journal = {Berichten Industriële Eigendom}, number = {12}, abstract = {Extensive case-comment on the most important ruling in patent law in The Netherlands in the last five years. It addresses the ruling of the Dutch Supreme Court 25 May 2012 AGA v Occlutech. The paper contains a historical, transnational and comparative approach, tracing back the origins of some of the recent controversy on claim construction in the Netherlands, while also reflecting on recent literature and case-law in Germany and the United Kingdom. The author contrasts and compares the Dutch approach on claim construction with the new developments of the Revised Protocol of art. 69 of the European Patent Convention (EPC). The paper sets out and summarizes the Dutch standard for claim construction, touching on important elements in legal practice such as the impact of (a) the two-part form of a claim, (b) the file wrapper and patent prosecution history, (c) equivalence and (d) whether the degree of inventive step or innovative character of the patent, warrants a bigger scope of protection. It also compares the outcome of the decisions on the same patent between the same parties in Germany and the United Kingdom AGA and Occlutech. The paper concludes with looking back on the achievements of the EPC, while also looking forward to the new legislative developments surrounding the Unitary Patent and the Agreement for a Unified Patent Court.}, keywords = {Industriële eigendom, Octrooirecht}, }