| Coche, E. Heks'nkaas or the "Fifty Shades of Taste" Explained by the CJEU through EU Copyright Law In: European Intellectual Property Review, 2019 (3), pp. 173-180, 2019. @article{Coche2019b,
title = {Heks'nkaas or the "Fifty Shades of Taste" Explained by the CJEU through EU Copyright Law},
author = {Coche, E.},
url = {http://uba-sfx.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/uva-linker?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info:sid/sfxit.com:azlist&sfx.ignore_date_threshold=1&rft.object_id=110978977740233&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off;},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-03-12},
journal = {European Intellectual Property Review},
volume = {2019},
number = {3},
pages = {173-180},
abstract = {If the CJEU were to grant a prize to the 2018 most "original" copyright dispute, Levola Hengola v Smilde Foods (C-310/17) (the Heks’nkaas case) would undoubtedly stand among the nominees. The main reason why this case hit the spotlight is most probably because it touched upon the fundamentals of EU copyright law, namely its protectable subject-matter. Intriguingly, the complexities of copyright were unveiled by the following question: "Does Union law preclude the taste of food\textemdashas the author’s own intellectual creation\textemdashfrom being protected by copyright?" Notwithstanding the court’s dissenting answer, which clarified the scope of EU copyright law, it is of paramount importance to also discuss and unravel the ruling’s preceding procedure, including the Opinion by the Advocate General, as it shed light on the many existing controversies within copyright law.},
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If the CJEU were to grant a prize to the 2018 most "original" copyright dispute, Levola Hengola v Smilde Foods (C-310/17) (the Heks’nkaas case) would undoubtedly stand among the nominees. The main reason why this case hit the spotlight is most probably because it touched upon the fundamentals of EU copyright law, namely its protectable subject-matter. Intriguingly, the complexities of copyright were unveiled by the following question: "Does Union law preclude the taste of food—as the author’s own intellectual creation—from being protected by copyright?" Notwithstanding the court’s dissenting answer, which clarified the scope of EU copyright law, it is of paramount importance to also discuss and unravel the ruling’s preceding procedure, including the Opinion by the Advocate General, as it shed light on the many existing controversies within copyright law. |
| Coche, E. 'Fake news' en desinformatie in België: weinig zorgen, problemen voor morgen?: Een analyse van dit mediafenomeen in België In: Mediaforum, 2018 (6), pp. 185-189, 2019. @article{Coche2019,
title = {'Fake news' en desinformatie in Belgi\"{e}: weinig zorgen, problemen voor morgen?: Een analyse van dit mediafenomeen in Belgi\"{e}},
author = {Coche, E.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Mediaforum_2018_6-3.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-10},
journal = {Mediaforum},
volume = {2018},
number = {6},
pages = {185-189},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
| Coche, E. ‘Hommage au fromage’ or how the CJEU said farewell to Heks’nkaas by excluding copyright protection for works of taste In: Kluwer Copyright Blog, 2018. @article{Coche2018h,
title = {‘Hommage au fromage’ or how the CJEU said farewell to Heks’nkaas by excluding copyright protection for works of taste},
author = {Coche, E.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2018/12/05/hommage-au-fromage-or-how-the-cjeu-said-farewell-to-heksnkaas-by-excluding-copyright-protection-for-works-of-taste/},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-12-05},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
| Coche, E. Privatised enforcement and the right to freedom of expression in a world confronted with terrorism propaganda online In: Internet Policy Review, 2018 (4), 2018. @article{Coche2018g,
title = {Privatised enforcement and the right to freedom of expression in a world confronted with terrorism propaganda online},
author = {Coche, E.},
url = {https://policyreview.info/articles/analysis/privatised-enforcement-and-right-freedom-expression-world-confronted-terrorism},
doi = {10.14763/2018.4.1382},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-06},
journal = {Internet Policy Review},
volume = {2018},
number = {4},
abstract = {The purpose of this paper is to explore the risks of privatised enforcement in the field of terrorism propaganda, stemming from the EU Code of conduct on countering illegal hate speech online. By shedding light on this Code, the author argues that implementation of it may undermine the rule of law and give rise to private censorship. In order to outweigh these risks, IT companies should improve their transparency, especially towards users whose content have been affected. Where automated means are used, the companies should always have in place some form of human intervention in order to contextualise posts. At the EU level, the Commission should provide IT companies with clearer guidelines regarding their liability exemption under the e-Commerce Directive. This would help prevent a race-to-the bottom where intermediaries choose to interpret and apply the most stringent national laws in order to secure at utmost their liability. The paper further articulates on the fine line that exists between ‘terrorist content’ and ‘illegal hate speech’ and the need for more detailed definitions.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The purpose of this paper is to explore the risks of privatised enforcement in the field of terrorism propaganda, stemming from the EU Code of conduct on countering illegal hate speech online. By shedding light on this Code, the author argues that implementation of it may undermine the rule of law and give rise to private censorship. In order to outweigh these risks, IT companies should improve their transparency, especially towards users whose content have been affected. Where automated means are used, the companies should always have in place some form of human intervention in order to contextualise posts. At the EU level, the Commission should provide IT companies with clearer guidelines regarding their liability exemption under the e-Commerce Directive. This would help prevent a race-to-the bottom where intermediaries choose to interpret and apply the most stringent national laws in order to secure at utmost their liability. The paper further articulates on the fine line that exists between ‘terrorist content’ and ‘illegal hate speech’ and the need for more detailed definitions. |
| Coche, E. ‘Quel dommage, cher fromage’ or how the AG said “no” to copyright protection for works of taste In: Kluwer Copyright Blog, 2018. @article{Coche2018f,
title = {‘Quel dommage, cher fromage’ or how the AG said “no” to copyright protection for works of taste},
author = {Coche, E.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2018/09/20/quel-dommage-cher-fromage-ag-said-no-copyright-protection-works-taste/},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-09-21},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
| Coche, E. ‘Fake news’ and online disinformation: Case study – Belgium In: 2018. @article{Coche2018e,
title = {‘Fake news’ and online disinformation: Case study \textendash Belgium},
author = {Coche, E.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Case-study-Fake-News-Belgium.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-07-19},
abstract = {This case study provides an overview of the ‘fake news’ phenomenon in Belgium. In light of the 2018 Reuters Report, it starts by sketching the present media landscape in Belgium. It then enquires whether Belgians are concerned about ‘fake news’; what their level of trust is in the media; which media sources are favoured by them, and what their level of media literacy is. After analysing these facts and figures, the emergence of ‘fake news’, through foreign political events, is discussed. Different examples of Belgian ‘fake news’ are then presented, which range from ‘hoaxes’ to misleading and inaccurate news articles stemming from qualified journalists. By means of these examples, the ambiguities of the term ‘fake news’, as an umbrella term to cover a wide variety of content, are explained. Given the vagueness of the term, it is submitted that ‘disinformation’ is a more appropriate term to use.
Having regard to the possible impact of this type of ‘news’ on democracy, this case study strives to shed light on Belgian politicians and their relation with ‘fake news’. By means of examples, the author argues that they increasingly use the term ‘fake news’ to discredit news media. Moreover, they tend to by-pass traditional media, through their social media accounts, thereby contributing to the emergence of ‘fake news’. The lack of editorial oversight on social media allows for false messages to be spread. In order to propose measures to counter ‘fake news’ in Belgium, the case study provides an overview of different responses that have already been put in place. Besides responses at the EU level (including the Council of Europe), the overview includes governmental responses, news media responses, civil society responses and responses stemming from collaborations with IT companies. Taking account of these measures, various recommendations are proposed in the Conclusion. It is argued that both short and long-term actions should be developed. Having regard to the forthcoming Belgian elections, the former would be necessary and should, inter alia, aim to enhance the transparency of social media platforms. Regarding the latter, it is argued that media literacy measures should be further built upon.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This case study provides an overview of the ‘fake news’ phenomenon in Belgium. In light of the 2018 Reuters Report, it starts by sketching the present media landscape in Belgium. It then enquires whether Belgians are concerned about ‘fake news’; what their level of trust is in the media; which media sources are favoured by them, and what their level of media literacy is. After analysing these facts and figures, the emergence of ‘fake news’, through foreign political events, is discussed. Different examples of Belgian ‘fake news’ are then presented, which range from ‘hoaxes’ to misleading and inaccurate news articles stemming from qualified journalists. By means of these examples, the ambiguities of the term ‘fake news’, as an umbrella term to cover a wide variety of content, are explained. Given the vagueness of the term, it is submitted that ‘disinformation’ is a more appropriate term to use.
Having regard to the possible impact of this type of ‘news’ on democracy, this case study strives to shed light on Belgian politicians and their relation with ‘fake news’. By means of examples, the author argues that they increasingly use the term ‘fake news’ to discredit news media. Moreover, they tend to by-pass traditional media, through their social media accounts, thereby contributing to the emergence of ‘fake news’. The lack of editorial oversight on social media allows for false messages to be spread. In order to propose measures to counter ‘fake news’ in Belgium, the case study provides an overview of different responses that have already been put in place. Besides responses at the EU level (including the Council of Europe), the overview includes governmental responses, news media responses, civil society responses and responses stemming from collaborations with IT companies. Taking account of these measures, various recommendations are proposed in the Conclusion. It is argued that both short and long-term actions should be developed. Having regard to the forthcoming Belgian elections, the former would be necessary and should, inter alia, aim to enhance the transparency of social media platforms. Regarding the latter, it is argued that media literacy measures should be further built upon. |
| Coche, E., Irion, K. How independent are you really? Updating the INDIREG methodology for future assessments of media regulators' independence: Workshop report 2018. @techreport{Coche2018d,
title = {How independent are you really? Updating the INDIREG methodology for future assessments of media regulators' independence: Workshop report},
author = {Coche, E. and Irion, K.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/INDIREG-workshop-report.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-07-13},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
|
| Coche, E. HEKS’NKAAS at the CJEU: the end of a cheese-war or the beginning of a new copyright era? In: Kluwer Copyright Blog, 2018. @article{Coche2018c,
title = {HEKS’NKAAS at the CJEU: the end of a cheese-war or the beginning of a new copyright era?},
author = {Coche, E.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2018/06/26/heksnkaas-cjeu-end-cheese-war-beginning-new-copyright-era/},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-07-06},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
| Coche, E., Klus, M., McGonagle, T., Plaizier, C. Inventarisatie methodes om “nepnieuws” tegen te gaan 2018. @techreport{McGonagle2018d,
title = {Inventarisatie methodes om “nepnieuws” tegen te gaan},
author = {McGonagle, T. and Coche, E. and Plaizier, C. and Klus, M.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Inventarisatie_methodes_om_“nepnieuws”_tegen_te_gaan.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-07-03},
abstract = {“Nepnieuws” heeft de laatste tijd veel aandacht gekregen in de media en in het politieke debat. Tegen deze achtergrond en in het licht van de potenti\"{e}le bedreigingen van “nepnieuws” voor de Nederlandse samenleving is de opdracht voor deze studie gegeven door het ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap. Het doel van dit rapport is om een update te geven over de stand van zaken met betrekking tot het onderwerp “methodes om de verspreiding van nepnieuws tegen te gaan”. Het rapport beantwoordt de volgende vragen: Welke methodes zijn er internationaal bekend om nepnieuws tegen te gaan? Wat is bekend over de effectiviteit van deze methodes? Welke kwalificaties kunnen gemaakt worden over de toepasbaarheid en relevantie van deze onderzoeksresultaten voor de Nederlandse context?},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
“Nepnieuws” heeft de laatste tijd veel aandacht gekregen in de media en in het politieke debat. Tegen deze achtergrond en in het licht van de potentiële bedreigingen van “nepnieuws” voor de Nederlandse samenleving is de opdracht voor deze studie gegeven door het ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap. Het doel van dit rapport is om een update te geven over de stand van zaken met betrekking tot het onderwerp “methodes om de verspreiding van nepnieuws tegen te gaan”. Het rapport beantwoordt de volgende vragen: Welke methodes zijn er internationaal bekend om nepnieuws tegen te gaan? Wat is bekend over de effectiviteit van deze methodes? Welke kwalificaties kunnen gemaakt worden over de toepasbaarheid en relevantie van deze onderzoeksresultaten voor de Nederlandse context? |
| Coche, E., Klus, M., McGonagle, T., Plaizier, C. An inventory of measures to counter "fake news" 2018. @techreport{McGonagle2018h,
title = {An inventory of measures to counter "fake news"},
author = {McGonagle, T. and Coche, E. and Plaizier, C. and Klus, M.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Fake-news-report.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-04-25},
abstract = {English-language translation of a study commissioned by the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, Appendix to a Ministerial Letter to the Tweede Kamer (Dutch House of Representatives) on the future of independent journalism in the Netherlands, Bijlage bij Kamerstukken 2017-2018, 32827, nr. 127, 25 April 2018.},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
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English-language translation of a study commissioned by the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, Appendix to a Ministerial Letter to the Tweede Kamer (Dutch House of Representatives) on the future of independent journalism in the Netherlands, Bijlage bij Kamerstukken 2017-2018, 32827, nr. 127, 25 April 2018. |
| Coche, E. Copyright reform: a new right for press publishers – to have or not to have? In: Kluwer Copyright Blog, 2018. @article{Coche2018b,
title = {Copyright reform: a new right for press publishers \textendash to have or not to have?},
author = {Coche, E.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2018/03/13/copyright-reform-new-right-press-publishers-not/},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-03-15},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
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|
| Coche, E. Should taste be subject to copyright protection? Heksenkaas will tell us. 2018, (Kluwer Copyright Blog). @online{Coche2018,
title = {Should taste be subject to copyright protection? Heksenkaas will tell us.},
author = {Coche, E.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2018/01/31/taste-subject-copyright-protection-heksenkaas-will-tell-us/},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-02-02},
note = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
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|
| Coche, E. Conference Report of The International Media Law, Policy & Practice Conference 2017 2017. @techreport{Coche2017,
title = {Conference Report of The International Media Law, Policy & Practice Conference 2017},
author = {Coche, E.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/IMLPP_2017_Conference_report.pdf
},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-11-28},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
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|
Eugénie is a research master student in Information law at the IViR since September 2017. Last year she followed the one-year LL.M. informatierecht (taught in Dutch) and participated to the Price Media Law Moot Court Competition, held at Oxford University, in which she made it to the octofinals. During that program, she developed a particular interest for freedom of expression surrounding internet intermediaries as well as privacy and data protection issues. In light of this, she decided to switch to the two-years research master program in order to explore these topics into more depth and to gain stronger research, writing and analytical skills for the rest of her career.
Eugénie has a background in European law as she obtained her bachelor degree in European Law with a minor in Dutch law, at Maastricht University. She also participated in the European Law Moot Court Competition (bilingual competition French-English) and won the Regional finals held at Columbia University in New York and the prize of ‘second best team’ in the all European finals held at the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg. Her bachelor thesis focused on the Google Spain case and in how far this judgment actually provided individuals with a de facto 'right to be forgotten'.