@article{Trapova2021b,
title = {EU copyright law round up \textendash first trimester of 2021},
author = {Trapova, A. and Quintais, J.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2021/04/06/eu-copyright-law-round-up-first-trimester-of-2021/},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-04-07},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{vanEechoud2021,
title = {Nieuws in de platformeconomie},
author = {van Eechoud, M.},
url = {https://www.montesquieu-instituut.nl/id/vlhef5g0pisa/nieuws/nieuws_in_de_platformeconomie},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-03-29},
journal = {De Hofvijver},
volume = {11},
number = {118},
abstract = {De media stond de afgelopen weken bol van het nieuws dat Google en Facebook op grond van een nieuwe Australische wet moeten gaan betalen voor het gebruik van ‘news content’. In de EU hebben we al een paar jaar zo’n wet, in de vorm van een richtlijn (2019/790) die inmiddels in de Wet op de naburige rechten is ge\"{i}mplementeerd. Deze zomer treed de herziene wet in werking en hebben uitgevers van perspublicaties aan het auteursrecht vergelijkbare exclusieve rechten ten aanzien van het online (commercieel) gebruik van hun digitale uitgaven. Net als in Australi\"{e} gebeurde, ging de totstandkoming van de Europese wet gepaard met groot retorisch geweld van zowel de kant van traditionele media als van platformen. Digitale platforms zouden advertentie-inkomsten stelen van kranten en rijk worden over de rug van traditionele media. Persuitgevers zouden voorstander zijn van een de-facto belasting op hyperlinks, gebrek aan innovatiekracht tonen en miskennen hoezeer sociale media en zoekmachines hun bereik exponentieel vergroten, en dat gratis.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Hugenholtz2020h,
title = {Artikel 18-23 DSM-richtlijn: Exploitatiecontracten},
author = {Hugenholtz, P.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AMI_2020_6.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-12-18},
journal = {AMI},
volume = {2020},
number = {6},
pages = {187-192},
abstract = {De DSM-richtlijn van 17 april 2019 bevat een zestal bepalingen op het gebied van het auteurscontractenrecht. Artikelen 18 tot en met 23 hebben niet alleen betrekking op de ‘billijke vergoeding van auteurs en uitvoerende kunstenaars in exploitatiecontracten’, zoals het opschrift van titel IV, hoofdstuk 3 van de richtlijn belooft, maar ook op transparantie, geschillenbeslechting en het recht op herroeping van verleende rechten. Hoewel de meeste van deze onderwerpen reeds een plaats hebben gevonden in hoofdstuk 1a van de huidige Auteurswet, noopt de richtlijn op
een aantal punten tot wetswijziging. Dat geldt in het bijzonder voor de transparantieplicht, die in de huidige wet niet voorkomt. In deze bijdrage, onderdeel van een reeks van AMI-artikelen over de DSM-richtlijn, worden de auteurscontractenrechtelijke bepalingen van de richtlijn en de omzetting ervan besproken.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Hugenholtz2020g,
title = {Trends and Developments in Artificial Intelligence: Challenges to Copyright},
author = {Hugenholtz, P. and Quintais, J. and Gervais, D.J.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2020/12/16/trends-and-developments-in-artificial-intelligence-challenges-to-copyright/},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-12-17},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Bod\'{o}2020c,
title = {Can scholarly pirate libraries bridge the knowledge access gap? An empirical study on the structural conditions of book piracy in global and European academia},
author = {Bod\'{o}, B. and Antal, D. and Puha, Z.},
url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/articl=10.1371/journal.pone.0242509
},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0242509},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-12-04},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
volume = {15},
number = {12},
abstract = {Library Genesis is one of the oldest and largest illegal scholarly book collections online. Without the authorization of copyright holders, this shadow library hosts and makes more than 2 million scholarly publications, monographs, and textbooks available. This paper analyzes a set of weblogs of one of the Library Genesis mirrors, provided to us by one of the service’s administrators. We reconstruct the social and economic factors that drive the global and European demand for illicit scholarly literature. In particular, we test if lower income regions can compensate for the shortcomings in legal access infrastructures by more intensive use of illicit open resources. We found that while richer regions are the most intensive users of shadow libraries, poorer regions face structural limitations that prevent them from fully capitalizing on freely accessible knowledge. We discuss these findings in the wider context of open access publishing, and point out that open access knowledge, if not met with proper knowledge absorption infrastructures, has limited usefulness in addressing knowledge access and production inequalities.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@techreport{Hugenholtz2020f,
title = {Trends and Developments in Artificial Intelligence: Challenges to the Intellectual Property Rights Framework: Final Report},
author = {Hugenholtz, P. and Quintais, J. and Gervais, D.J. and Hartmann, C. and Allan, J.},
url = {https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/394345a1-2ecf-11eb-b27b-01aa75ed71a1/language-en
https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Trends_and_Developments_in_Artificial_Intelligence-1.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-11-27},
abstract = {This report examines copyright and patent protection in Europe for AI-assisted outputs in general and in three priority domains: science (in particular, meteorology), media (journalism), and pharmaceutical research. It comprises an assessment of the state of the art of uses of AI in the three focus areas, and a legal analysis of how IP laws currently apply to AI-assisted creative and innovative outputs. The report concludes that the current state of the art in AI does not require or justify immediate substantive changes in copyright and patent law in Europe. The existing concepts of copyright and patent law are sufficiently abstract and flexible to meet the current challenges from AI. In addition, related rights regimes potentially extend to ‘authorless’ AI productions in a variety of sectors, and the sui generis database right may offer protection to AI-produced databases resulting from substantial investment. However, taking into account the practical implications of AI technologies, the report identifies specific avenues for future legal reform (if justified by empirical evidence), offers recommendations for improvements in the application of existing rules (e.g. via guidelines), and highlights the need to study the role of alternative IP regimes to protect AI-assisted outputs, such as trade secret protection, unfair competition and contract law.},
note = {Report written for the European Commission by P.B. Hugenholtz, D. Gervais, J.P. Quintais, C. Hartmann & J. Allan, completed September 2020. ISBN: 97892762244488},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}

@online{Quintais2020d,
title = {CIPIL Evening Webinar: 'Article 17 and the New EU Rules on Content-Sharing Platforms' },
author = {Quintais, J.},
url = {https://youtu.be/f1tGV_IdueQ },
year = {2020},
date = {2020-11-17},
abstract = {This presentation addresses the hottest topic in EU copyright law and policy: Article 17 of the new Copyright in the Digital Single Market (CDSM) Directive (2019/790). The CDSM Directive is the culmination of a controversial political and legislative process at EU level. None of its provisions has caused greater debate than Article 17, which introduces a new liability regime for "online content-sharing service providers". These include most user-generated content platforms hosting copyright-protected content accessed daily by millions of individuals in the EU and across the globe. Even before the CDSM Directive is implemented into national law, the issues surrounding Article 17 have already spilled out to the policy and judicial arenas. At the policy level, the debates taking place in a number of Commission-led Stakeholder Dialogues have laid bare many of the unresolved challenges ahead for national legislators and courts. At the judicial level, the Polish government has filed an action for annulment with the CJEU under Article 263 TFEU, focusing on the most problematic aspects of Article 17. This presentation will first place Article 17 into its broader EU policy context of the discussion on the responsibilities of online platforms \textendash from the agenda on "Tackling Illegal Content Online" to the Digital Services Act \textendash and the narrow copyright context regarding the liability of intermediary platforms for third-party content they host. This will be followed by an explanation of the complex mechanics of Article 17 and an identification of some of its fundamental problems. Finally, some tentative proposals will be advanced for how to begin to address such problems, focusing on the core issues of licensing mechanisms and fundamental rights safeguards.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}

@article{Keller2020d,
title = {CJEU hearing in the Polish challenge to Article 17: Not even the supporters of the provision agree on how it should work},
author = {Keller, P.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2020/11/11/cjeu-hearing-in-the-polish-challenge-to-article-17-not-even-the-supporters-of-the-provision-agree-on-how-it-should-work/},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-11-11},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@techreport{Senftleben2020e,
title = {The Odyssey of the Prohibition on General Monitoring Obligations on the Way to the Digital Services Act: Between Article 15 of the E-Commerce Directive and Article 17 of the Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market},
author = {Senftleben, M. and Angelopoulos, C.},
url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3717022},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-29},
abstract = {EU law provides explicitly that intermediaries may not be obliged to monitor their service in a general manner in order to detect and prevent the illegal activity of their users. However, a misunderstanding of the difference between monitoring specific content and monitoring FOR specific content is a recurrent theme in the debate on intermediary liability and a central driver of the controversy surrounding it. Rightly understood, a prohibited general monitoring obligation arises whenever content \textendash no matter how specifically it is defined \textendash must be identified among the totality of the content on a platform. The moment platform content must be screened in its entirety, the monitoring obligation acquires an excessive, general nature. Against this background, a content moderation duty can only be deemed permissible if it is specific in respect of both the protected subject matter and potential infringers.

This requirement of 'double specificity' is of particular importance because it prevents encroachments upon fundamental rights. The jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union has shed light on the anchorage of the general monitoring ban in primary EU law, in particular the right to the protection of personal data, the freedom of expression and information, the freedom to conduct a business, and the free movement of goods and services in the internal market. Due to their higher rank in the norm hierarchy, these legal guarantees constitute common ground for the application of the general monitoring prohibition in secondary EU legislation, namely Article 15(1) of the E-Commerce Directive ('ECD') and Article 17(8) of the Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market ('CDSMD').

With regard to the Digital Services Act (‘DSA’), this result of the analysis implies that any further manifestation of the general monitoring ban in the DSA would have to be construed and applied \textendash in the light of applicable CJEU case law \textendash as a safeguard against encroachments upon the aforementioned fundamental rights and freedoms. If the final text of the DSA does not contain a reiteration of the prohibition of general monitoring obligations known from Article 15(1) ECD and Article 17(8) CDSMD, the regulation of internet service provider liability, duties of care and injunctions would still have to avoid inroads into the aforementioned fundamental rights and freedoms and observe the principle of proportionality. The double specificity requirement plays a central role in this respect.},
note = {Amsterdam: Institute for Information Law & Cambridge: Centre for Intellectual Property and Information Law},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}

@techreport{vanGompel2020b,
title = {Evaluatie Wet Auteurscontractenrecht: Eindrapport},
author = {van Gompel, S. and Hugenholtz, P. and Poort, J. and Schumacher, L.D. and Visser, D.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/evaluatie_wet_auteurscontractenrecht_2020.pdf
https://www.wodc.nl/wodc-nieuws-2020/auteurscontractenrecht.aspx},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-29},
abstract = {Onderzoek in opdracht van het Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek- en Documentatiecentrum (WODC), ministerie van Justitie & Veiligheid.

Van de Wet Auteurscontractenrecht, die ten doel heeft om de contractuele positie van auteurs en uitvoerende kunstenaars te versterken, wordt in de praktijk nog weinig gebruik gemaakt. De Wet, die in 2015 als een nieuw onderdeel van de Auteurswet werd ingevoerd, belooft auteurs en artiesten die met exploitanten in zee gaan een ‘billijke vergoeding', geeft makers de kans om contracten open te breken en verbiedt oneerlijke contractsbepalingen. Auteurs en artiesten blijken maar zelden op de bepalingen van de Wet een beroep te doen. Daarbij lijkt de angst voor verlies aan opdrachten of om op een zwarte lijst te komen een belangrijke rol te spelen. Ook blijkt de door de Wet in het leven geroepen laagdrempelige geschillenprocedure nauwelijks te functioneren. Dit zijn enkele van de conclusies van een praktijkevaluatie van de Wet Auteurscontractenrecht die door onderzoekers van de Universiteit van Amsterdam en de Universiteit Leiden in opdracht van het WODC is uitgevoerd.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}

@article{Hugenholtz2020e,
title = {Annotatie bij HvJ EU 29 juli 2019, C-469/17 (Funke), C-516/17 (Spiegel) & C-4476/17 (Pelham)},
author = {Hugenholtz, P.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_NJ_2020_354.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-23},
journal = {Nederlandse Jurisprudentie},
number = {43},
pages = {6068-6073},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Senftleben2020,
title = {Institutionalized Algorithmic Enforcement - The Pros and Cons of the EU Approach to UGC Platform Liability},
author = {Senftleben, M.},
url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3565175
https://ecollections.law.fiu.edu/lawreview/vol14/iss2/11/},
doi = {10.25148/lawrev.14.2.11},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-20},
journal = {Florida International University Law Review},
volume = {14},
number = {2},
pages = {299-328},
abstract = {Algorithmic copyright enforcement \textendash the use of automated filtering tools to detect infringing content before it appears on the internet \textendash has a deep impact on the freedom of users to upload and share information. Instead of presuming that user-generated content ("UGC") does not amount to infringement unless copyright owners take action and provide proof, the default position of automated filtering systems is that every upload is suspicious and that copyright owners are entitled to ex ante control over the sharing of information online. If platform providers voluntarily introduce algorithmic enforcement measures, this may be seen as a private decision following from the freedom of companies to run their business as they wish. If, however, copyright legislation institutionalizes algorithmic enforcement and imposes a legal obligation on platform providers to employ automated filtering tools, the law itself transforms copyright into a censorship and filtering instrument. Nonetheless, the new EU Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market (“DSM Directive”) follows this path and requires the employment of automated filtering tools to ensure that unauthorized protected content does not populate UGC platforms. The new EU rules on UGC licensing and screening will inevitably lead to the adoption of algorithmic enforcement measures in practice. Without automated content control, UGC platforms will be unable to escape liability for infringing user uploads.
To provide a complete picture, however, it is important to also shed light on counterbalances which may distinguish this new, institutionalized form of algorithmic enforcement from known content filtering tools that have evolved as voluntary measures in the private sector. The DSM Directive underlines the necessity to safeguard user freedoms that support transformative, creative remixes and mash-ups of pre-existing content. This feature of the new legislation may offer important incentives to develop algorithmic tools that go beyond the mere identification of unauthorized takings from protected works. It has the potential to encourage content assessment mechanisms that factor the degree of transformative effort and user creativity into the equation. As a result, more balanced content filtering tools may emerge in the EU. Against this background, the analysis shows that the new EU legislation not only escalates the use of algorithmic enforcement measures that already commenced in the private sector years ago. If rightly implemented, it may also add an important nuance to existing content identification tools and alleviate the problems arising from reliance on automated filtering mechanisms.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Senftleben2020d,
title = {Robot Creativity: An Incentive-Based Neighbouring Rights Approach},
author = {Senftleben, M. and Buijtelaar, L.D.},
url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3707741},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-13},
journal = {European Intellectual Property Review},
volume = {42},
number = {12},
abstract = {Today texts, paintings and songs need no longer be the result of human creativity. Advanced artificial intelligence (AI) systems are capable of generating creations that can hardly be distinguished from those of authors of flesh and blood. This development raises the question whether AI-generated works could be eligible for copyright protection. In the following analysis, we explore this question. After a discussion of the traditional copyright requirement of human creativity, the rationales underlying copyright protection \textendash in particular the utilitarian incentive theory \textendash will serve as a compass to decide on the grant of protection and delineate the scope of exclusive rights. In addition, the analysis will address the question who the owner of protected AI creations should be. Finally, the discussion of pros and cons of protection will be placed in the broader context of competing policy goals and legal obligations, such as the prospect of enriching the public domain and the question of liability for AI creations that infringe the rights of third parties.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {forthcoming},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Hugenholtz2020d,
title = {De kunstmatige maker: over de gevolgen van het Endstra-arrest voor de bescherming van artifici\"{e}le creaties},
author = {Hugenholtz, P.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/IER_2020_5.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-01},
journal = {Intellectuele Eigendom & Reclamerecht (IER)},
number = {5},
pages = {276-280},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Husovec2020c,
title = {How to License Article 17? Exploring the Implementation Options for the New EU Rules on Content-Sharing Platforms},
author = {Husovec, M. and Quintais, J.},
url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3463011},
doi = {10.2139/ssrn.3463011},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-09-29},
abstract = {Article 17 of the Copyright in the Digital Single Market Directive is a major Internet policy experiment of our decade. The provision fundamentally changes copyright regulation of certain digital platforms. However, the precise nature of art. 17 is far from clear. How does it fit the existing structure of EU copyright law and doctrine? How can the Member States implement it? These are the questions at the heart of this article. To answer them, we start by examining the nature and structure of the right prescribed in art. 17. The exact qualification brings important legal consequences. Among others, it determines the conditions imposed by EU law and international law on national implementations. After reviewing different interpretation options, we conclude that art. 17 introduces either a special or a new sui generis right, both of which allow significant margin of discretion for Member States, especially as regards licensing mechanisms and exceptions.

[This is a revised and updated version of a working paper first published in October 2019]},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Husovec2020b,
title = {Article 17 of the Copyright Directive: Why the German implementation proposal is compatible with EU law \textendash Part 2},
author = {Husovec, M. and Quintais, J.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2020/08/28/article-17-of-the-copyright-directive-why-the-german-implementation-proposal-is-compatible-with-eu-law-part-2/?doing_wp_cron=1598609159.3323481082916259765625},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-08-28},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Husovec2020,
title = {Article 17 of the Copyright Directive: Why the German implementation proposal is compatible with EU law \textendash Part 1},
author = {Husovec, M. and Quintais, J.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2020/08/26/article-17-of-the-copyright-directive-why-the-german-implementation-proposal-is-compatible-with-eu-law-part-1/},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-08-27},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@inbook{Dreyfuss2020,
title = {Choice of Law in EU Trade Secrecy Cases},
author = {Cooper Dreyfuss, R. and van Eechoud, M.},
url = {https://www.elgaronline.com/view/edcoll/9781788973335/9781788973335.xml},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788973342},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-08-27},
pages = {171-191},
chapter = {10},
abstract = {Chapter in: The Harmonization and Protection of Trade Secrets in the EU: An Appraisal of the EU Directive, J. Schovsbo, T. Minssen & T. Riis eds., Edward Elgar Publishing, 2020. ISBN: 9781788973335.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@article{Buijtelaar2020,
title = {Auteursrecht op robotcreaties? Een analyse op basis van de incentivetheorie},
author = {Buijtelaar, L.D. and Senftleben, M.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AMI_2020_3_4_77.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-07-24},
journal = {AMI},
number = {3-4},
pages = {77-93},
abstract = {Vandaag de dag zijn teksten, schilderijen en liedjes niet noodzakelijkerwijs het resultaat van menselijke creativiteit. Geavanceerde robotsystemen zijn in staat om output te genereren die nauwelijks te onderscheiden is van de werken van makers van vlees en bloed. Dit doet de vraag rijzen of door robots gegenereerde creaties in aanmerking kunnen komen voor auteursrechtelijke bescherming. In de volgende analyse staat deze vraag centraal. Na een inleidende bespreking van het traditionele vereiste van menselijke creativiteit in het auteursrecht dienen de ratio’s van auteursrechtelijke bescherming \textendash met name de economische incentivetheorie \textendash als maatstaf om over nut en noodzaak van de toekenning van bescherming te beslissen. Voorts wordt aandacht besteed aan de vraag wie de houder van rechten op robotcreaties zou kunnen zijn. Ten slotte vindt een afweging plaats van de voor- en nadelen van bescherming, mede in het licht van de mogelijkheid om robotcreaties vrij te laten en het publieke domein te verrijken.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Hugenholtz2020c,
title = {Annotatie bij Rb Amsterdam 1 november 2019 (Van Uem / De Persgroep)},
author = {Hugenholtz, P.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_AMI_2020_3_4.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-07-24},
journal = {AMI},
number = {3-4},
pages = {101-105},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Keller2020c,
title = {Hungary’s fast tracked implementation of Article 5 CDSM directive in response to the pandemic},
author = {Keller, P.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2020/06/23/hungarys-fast-tracked-implementation-of-article-5-cdsm-directive-in-response-to-the-pandemic/?doing_wp_cron=1593173611.1108019351959228515625},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-06-26},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Senftleben2020c,
title = {Flexibility Grave \textendash Partial Reproduction Focus and Closed System Fetishism in CJEU, Pelham},
author = {Senftleben, M.},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s40319-020-00940-z},
doi = {10.1007/s40319-020-00940-z},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-05-12},
journal = {IIC},
volume = {51},
number = {6},
pages = {751-769},
abstract = {In the ongoing discussion about the impact of fundamental rights on EU copyright law, the Pelham judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has received much attention. However, the decision also raises important legal-doctrinal issues. The CJEU employs the harmonized right of reproduction as a vehicle to regulate adaptations of pre-existing source material. Moreover, the Court insists on a balancing of interests within the EU matrix of exclusive rights and limitations. The closed list of limitations in EU copyright law, however, can hardly be expected to offer sufficient breathing space for adaptation scenarios. As the Information Society Directive did not harmonize the right of adaptation, there was no need to include indispensable free adaptation rules that have evolved at the national level, such as the German “free use” doctrine. Instead of embracing national rules of equity and fairness to fill the gap, the CJEU is reluctant to borrow from the legal traditions of EU Member States and misses an important opportunity to provide guidance for the regulation of adaptations outside the sound sampling arena. After an introduction to the German “Metall auf Metall” saga that led to the Pelham decision, the following analysis sheds light on these developments in EU copyright law and discusses problems arising from the approach taken by the CJEU.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Flynn2020b,
title = {Implementing User Rights for Research in the Field of Artificial Intelligence: A Call for International Action},
author = {Flynn, S. and Geiger, C. and Quintais, J. and Margoni, T. and Sag, M. and Guibault, L. and Carroll, M.},
url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3578819},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-04-21},
journal = {European Intellectual Property Review},
volume = {2020},
number = {7},
abstract = {Last year, before the onset of a global pandemic highlighted the critical and urgent need for technology-enabled scientific research, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) launched an inquiry into issues at the intersection of intellectual property (IP) and artificial intelligence (AI). We contributed comments to that inquiry, with a focus on the application of copyright to the use of text and data mining (TDM) technology. This article describes some of the most salient points of our submission and concludes by stressing the need for international leadership on this important topic. WIPO could help fill the current gap on international leadership, including by providing guidance on the diverse mechanisms that countries may use to authorize TDM research and serving as a forum for the adoption of rules permitting cross-border TDM projects.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {forthcoming},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Flynn2020c,
title = {Implementing User Rights for Research in the Field of Artificial Intelligence: A Call for Action at International Level},
author = {Flynn, S. and Geiger, C. and Quintais, J.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2020/04/21/implementing-user-rights-for-research-in-the-field-of-artificial-intelligence-a-call-for-action-at-international-level/
http://infojustice.org/archives/42260},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-04-21},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
abstract = {A version of this post was also published on the InfoJustice website: http://infojustice.org/archives/42260},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Flynn2020,
title = {Joint Comment to WIPO on Copyright and Artificial Intelligence},
author = {Flynn, S. and Carroll, M. and Sag, M. and Guibault, L. and Margoni, T. and Butler, B. and Rocha de Souza, A. and Bogataj Jancic, M. and Jaszi, P. and Quintais, J. and Geiger, C. and Ncube, C. and White, B. and Scaria, A.G. and Botero, C. and Craig, C.},
url = {http://infojustice.org/archives/42009},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-02-25},
abstract = {On December 13, 2019, WIPO invited member states and all other interested parties to provide comments and suggestions to help define the issues related to intellectual property (IP) and artificial intelligence (AI) based on a Draft Issues Paper on IP Policy and AI. These comments will be used to prepare a revised issues paper for discussion at the second session of the WIPO Conversation on IP and AI. This Joint Comment is made in response to WIPO’s Public Consultation on AI and IP Policy and is endorsed by 16 members of the Global Expert Network on Copyright User Rights. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Hugenholtz2020b,
title = {In Memoriam Jan Kabel},
author = {Hugenholtz, P.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AMI_2020_1.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-02-20},
journal = {AMI},
number = {1},
pages = {1-2},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{vanGompel2020,
title = {Artikelen 8 tot en met 11 DSM-richtlijn: Niet of niet meer in de handel zijnde werken en andere materialen},
author = {van Gompel, S.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AMI_2020_1_VanGompel.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-02-20},
journal = {AMI},
number = {1},
pages = {3-10},
abstract = {In Hoofdstuk 1 van Titel III van de DSM-richtlijn, die maatregelen voorschrijft om de licentieverlening te verbeteren en een ruimere toegang tot content te verzekeren, wordt een regeling ge\"{i}ntroduceerd voor het gebruik door cultureel erfgoedinstellingen van werken en andere materialen die niet of niet meer in de handel zijn, kortgezegd: van out-of-commerce werken (hierna: OOC-werken). In dit artikel wordt
eerst de achtergrond van deze regeling geschetst. Daarna wordt ingegaan op de definitie van OOC-werken, de juridische instrumenten die worden ingezet om het gebruik van OOC-werken toe te staan (een licentiemechanisme plus terugvalbeperking), de grensoverschrijdende werking ervan, en de publiciteitsmaatregelen die de richtlijn voorschrijft. Het artikel sluit af met een conclusie.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Keller2020,
title = {Article 17 stakeholder dialogue: What we have learned so far - Part 1},
author = {Keller, P.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2020/01/13/article-17-stakeholder-dialogue-what-we-have-learned-so-far-part-1/},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-16},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Keller2020b,
title = {Article 17 stakeholder dialogue: What we have learned so far - Part 2},
author = {Keller, P.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2020/01/14/article-17-stakeholder-dialogue-what-we-have-learned-so-far-part-2/},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-16},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Dommering2020,
title = {De arresten Funke Medien, Spiegel Onlineen Pelham van het HvJ EU van 29 juli 2019},
author = {Dommering, E.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AMI_2019_6.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-07},
journal = {AMI},
volume = {2019},
number = {6},
pages = {185-191},
abstract = {29 juli 2019 was het D-Day voor het Europese auteursrecht. Toen deed een Grote Kamer van het Hof van Justitie uitspraak in drie zaken waarin het Duitse Bundesgerichtshof prejudici\"{e}le vragen had gesteld over de uitleg en toepassing van de Auteursrechtrichtlijn (Richtlijn 2001/29/EG) in relatie tot het Europese Handvest en indirect ook tot het Europese Verdrag voor de Rechten van de Mens. Het waren
alledrie ‘borderline cases’. In de zaak Funke Medien gaat het om de perspublicatie van een proces-verbaal van een periodieke verslaggeving van de buitenlandse interventies van de Bundeswehr, bedoeld voor beperkt gebruik voor bepaalde afgevaardigden in de Bondsdag. Een van deze rapportages was uitgelekt en de Bondsregering probeerde verspreiding tegen te gaan met een beroep op haar auteursrecht; het proces-verbaal zou een ‘werk’ zijn in de zin van het door de richtlijn geharmoniseerde Duitse auteursrecht. In de Spiegel Online-zaak gaat het om de reikwijdte van het citaatrecht in het geval dat er door middel van een hyperlink op het web naar het werk wordt verwezen. De zaak bevat ook de vraag of het werk waaruit werd geciteerd op geoorloofde manier openbaar was gemaakt en of dat een omstandigheid was die citeren kon verhinderen. In de Pelham-zaak gaat het om de vraag of het gebruik van zeer korte muziekfragmenten (‘soundsampling’) moet worden aangemerkt als een geoorloofd citaat in de zin van artikel 5 lid 3 onder d van de richtlijn (beperking van het muziekreproductierecht).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{vanEechoud2020,
title = {Artikel 15 DSM-richtlijn: bescherming van perspublicaties met betrekking tot onlinegebruik (persuitgeversrecht)},
author = {van Eechoud, M.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AMI_2019_6_DSM.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-07},
journal = {AMI},
volume = {2019},
number = {6},
pages = {197-202},
abstract = {Het in 2016 voorgestelde naburig recht op perspublicaties was \textendash met de licentieverplichting voor platforms \textendash het meest omstreden onderdeel van de DSM-richtlijn. In dit blad en elders zijn nut, noodzaak en (negatieve) effecten uitgebreid besproken. Nu ligt er dan een ten opzichte van het oorspronkelijke Commissievoorstel uitgekleed recht voor uitgevers (art. 15 DSM-richtlijn), dat wordt ge\"{i}mplementeerd in de Wet op de naburige rechten (nieuw art. 7b Wnr). Dit artikel geeft een korte analyse van de belangrijkste kenmerken van het nieuwe recht, en van de (on)zekerheden die het meebrengt.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@book{Goldstein2019,
title = {International Copyright: Principles, Law, and Practice},
author = {Goldstein, P. and Hugenholtz, P.},
url = {https://global.oup.com/academic/product/international-copyright-9780190060619?q=goldstein%20hugenholtz&lang=en&cc=nl},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-12-23},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}

@article{Quintais2019i,
title = {Sample, sample in my song, can they tell where you are from? The Pelham judgment \textendash Part II},
author = {Quintais, J. and J\"{u}tte, B.J.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2019/11/19/sample-sample-in-my-song-can-they-tell-where-you-are-from-the-pelham-judgment-part-ii/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-11-19},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Quintais2019g,
title = {Safeguarding User Freedoms in Implementing Article 17 of the Copyright in the Digital Single Market Directive: Recommendations from European Academics},
author = {Quintais, J. and Frosio, G. and van Gompel, S. and Hugenholtz, P. and Husovec, M. and J\"{u}tte, B.J. and Senftleben, M.},
url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3484968},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-11-12},
abstract = {On 17 May 2019 the new Directive (EU) 2019/790 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market was officially published (DSM Directive). Article 17 (ex-Article 13) is one of its most controversial provisions. Article 17(10) tasks the Commission with organising stakeholder dialogues to ensure uniform application of the obligation of cooperation between online content-sharing service providers (OCSSPs) and rightholders, and to establish best practices with regard to appropriate industry standards of professional diligence.
This document offers recommendations on user freedoms and safeguards included in Article 17 of the DSM Directive \textendash namely in its paragraphs (7) and (9) \textendash and should be read in the context of the stakeholder dialogue mentioned in paragraph (10).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Quintais2019h,
title = {Safeguarding User Freedoms in Implementing Article 17 of the Copyright in the Digital Single Market Directive: Recommendations from European Academics},
author = {Quintais, J.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2019/11/12/safeguarding-user-freedoms-in-implementing-article-17-of-the-copyright-in-the-digital-single-market-directive-recommendations-from-european-academics/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-11-12},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{J\"{u}tte2019c,
title = {Sample, sample in my song, can they tell where you are from? The Pelham judgment \textendash Part I},
author = {J\"{u}tte, B.J. and Quintais, J.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2019/11/06/sample-sample-in-my-song-can-they-tell-where-you-are-from-the-pelham-judgment-part-i/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-11-07},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Hugenholtz2019h,
title = {Annotatie bij Rb Noord-Nederland 24 juli 2019 (Piet Hein Eek / Dudink)},
author = {Hugenholtz, P.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_AMI_2019_5.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-10-31},
journal = {AMI},
volume = {2019},
number = {5},
pages = {180-181},
abstract = {Meubelontwerper Piet Hein Eek heeft auteursrecht op de door hem ontworpen meubels van sloophout. Een aantal van de door gedaagde vervaardigde sloophouten tafels en stoelen maken wegens overeenstemmende totaalindrukken inbreuk op het auteursrecht van Eek. Vordering tot vergoeding van schade wegens winstderving toelaatbaar. Geen vergoeding wegens waardevermindering van het
auteursrecht.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Hugenholtz2019i,
title = {Artikelen 3 en 4 DSM-richtlijn: tekst- en datamining},
author = {Hugenholtz, P.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AMI_2019_5.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-10-31},
journal = {AMI},
volume = {2019},
number = {5},
pages = {167-171},
abstract = {Tekst- en datamining (TDM) \textendash het geautomatiseerd analyseren van grote hoeveelheden ongestructureerde tekst en data \textendash is niet meer weg te denken uit de wetenschap, en speelt daarnaast een steeds grotere rol in een veelheid van andere domeinen, vari\"{e}rend van journalistiek tot artifici\"{e}le intelligentie. De nieuwe DSMrichtlijn voorziet daarom in een tweetal beperkingen van het auteursrecht en het databankenrecht ten aanzien van tekst- en datamining: de ene ten behoeve van nonprofit wetenschappelijk onderzoek (art. 3), de andere voor andere doeleinden (art. 4). Daarmee ontstaat de indruk dat de richtlijn voor TDM ruim baan heeft gemaakt, maar deze schijn bedriegt. Rechthebbenden kunnen door middel van een ‘opt-out’ tekst- en datamining voor commerci\"{e}le doeleinden uitsluiten of aan licenties onderwerpen. In dit artikel worden de TDM-bepalingen van de DSMrichtlijn kritisch besproken. Daaraan gaat vooraf een kort expos\'{e} over tekst- en datamining en de stand van zaken naar huidig auteursrecht.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Keller2019,
title = {Over artikel 14 DSM-richtlijn: Das Kunstwerk im Zeitalter seiner digitalen Reproduzierbarkeit: Reactie van een fijnproever},
author = {Keller, P.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AMI_2019_5-1.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-10-31},
journal = {AMI},
volume = {2019},
number = {5},
pages = {172-173},
abstract = {In 1935 schreef de Duitse filosoof Walter Benjamin (1892-1940) in Parijs het invloedrijke essay ‘Das Kunstwerk im Zeitalter seiner technischen Reproduzierbarkeit’ waarin hij de cultuurtheoretische gevolgen van (fotografische) reproducties van werken van beeldende kunst analyseerde. In het licht van de snelle opkomst van fotografie en de toenemende kwaliteit van fotografische reproducties postuleerde hij dat de originaliteit van kunstwerken gebaseerd was op hun eenmaligheid in het “hier und jetzt”. Reproducties van kunstwerken kenmerken zich volgens Benjamin door het verlies van de aan het originele kunstwerk eigen zijnde “aura”. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Angelopoulos2019,
title = {Fixing Copyright Reform: A Better Solution to Online Infringement},
author = {Angelopoulos, C. and Quintais, J.},
url = {https://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-10-2-2019/4913},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-10-11},
journal = {JIPITEC},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
abstract = {The newly-adopted Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market (DSMD) will fundamentally reshape EU copyright law. Among its most controversial offerings is Article 17, the so-called “value gap” provision, aimed at solving the alleged mismatch between the value that online content-sharing platforms extract from creative content and the revenue returned to the copyright-holders. This article argues that the new rules are misguided, misconceiving the real problems afflicting modern copyright. These are the proliferation of copyright infringement online in general \textendash not only through content-sharing platforms \textendash and the current piecemeal harmonisation of the rules on the liability of the intermediaries whose services are used to access and disseminate copyright-protected content. The current outdated and fragmented EU legal framework is ill-equipped to address these problems. Instead, it creates legal uncertainty for users and intermediaries in the online environment, while also failing to compensate creators fairly. The new rules will not change this. This article examines the pre-DSMD acquis and proposes a better solution than Article 17, consisting of two key changes: (a) the introduction of a harmonised EU framework for accessory liability for third party copyright infringement; and (b) the adoption of an alternative compensation system for right-holders covering non-commercial direct copyright use by the end-users of certain online platforms.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Poort2019d,
title = {Polderpiraten voor anker},
author = {Poort, J. and Ende, M. van der and Yagafarova, A.},
url = {http://www.tpedigitaal.nl/artikel/polderpiraten-voor-anker},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-10-01},
journal = {TPEdigitaal},
volume = {13},
number = {2},
pages = {97-111},
abstract = {Dit artikel bespreekt hoe de verwerving en consumptie van muziek, films, series, games en boeken zich tussen 2012 en 2017 in Nederland heeft ontwikkeld. Voor al deze soorten materiaal is de omzet in die periode gestegen, behalve voor boeken. De groep die weleens materiaal downloadt of streamt uit illegale bronnen is kleiner geworden voor muziek en games, gelijk gebleven voor films en series en licht gestegen voor boeken. Piraten consumeren echter veel vaker betaalde content dan niet-piraten. De vrees voor piraterij zou de ontwikkeling van e-boekabonnementen daarom niet in de weg moeten staan.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{J\"{u}tte2019b,
title = {Conference on Freedom of Expression and Copyright: Luxembourg, 7 November 2019},
author = {J\"{u}tte, B.J. and Quintais, J.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2019/09/24/conference-on-freedom-of-expression-and-copyright-luxembourg-7-november-2019/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-26},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Kabel2019b,
title = {Annotatie bij Hoge Raad 29 maart 2019 (Dijkstra / De 4 Jaargetijden): Is artikel 25 Aw nu eindelijk helemaal af?},
author = {Kabel, J.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_AMI_2019_3.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-07-26},
journal = {AMI},
volume = {2019},
number = {3},
pages = {96-99},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Hugenholtz2019e,
title = {The New Copyright Directive: Text and Data Mining (Articles 3 and 4)},
author = {Hugenholtz, P.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2019/07/24/the-new-copyright-directive-text-and-data-mining-articles-3-and-4/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-07-25},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Giannopoulou2019b,
title = {The New Copyright Directive: Article 14 or when the Public Domain Enters the New Copyright Directive },
author = {Giannopoulou, A.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2019/06/27/the-new-copyright-directive-article-14-or-when-the-public-domain-enters-the-new-copyright-directive/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-28},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@inbook{vanGompel2019e,
title = {Light Bulb},
author = {van Gompel, S.},
editor = {C. op den Kamp & D. Hunter, },
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Light_Bulb.pdf},
doi = {10.1017/9781108325806},
isbn = {9781108325806},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-26},
urldate = {2019-06-26},
booktitle = {A History of Intellectual Property in 50 Objects},
volume = {2019},
pages = {104-111},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
chapter = {12},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@article{Vallb\'{e}2019,
title = {Knocking on Heaven’s Door: User preferences on digital cultural distribution},
author = {Vallb\'{e}, J. and Bod\'{o}, B. and Quintais, J. and Handke, C.W.},
url = {https://policyreview.info/articles/analysis/knocking-heavens-door-user-preferences-digital-cultural-distribution},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-20},
journal = {Internet Policy Review},
volume = {8},
number = {2},
abstract = {This paper explores the social, demographic and attitudinal basis of consumer support of a Copyright Compensation System (CCS), which, for a small monthly fee would legalise currently infringing online social practices such as private copying from illegal sources and online sharing of copyrighted works. We do this by first identifying how different online and offline, legal and illegal, free and paying content acquisition channels are used in the media market using a cluster-based classification of respondents. Second, we assess the effect of cultural consumption on the support for a shift from the status quo towards alternative, CCS-based forms of digital cultural content distribution. Finally, we link these two analyses to identify the factors that drive the dynamics of change in digital cultural consumption habits. Our study shows significant support to a CCS compared to the status quo by both occasional and frequent buyers of cultural goods, despite the widespread adoption of legal free and paying online services by consumers. The nature of these preferences are also explored with the inclusion of consumer preference intensities regarding certain CCS attributes. Our results have relevant policy implications, for they outline CCS as a reform option. In particular, they point evidence-based copyright reform away from its current direction in the EU of stronger enforcement measures, additional exclusive rights, and increased liability and duties of care for online platforms. This work shows that CCS may be an apt policy tool to hinder piracy and potentially increase right holder revenues, while respecting fundamental rights and promoting technological development.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Quintais2019d,
title = {The New Copyright Directive: A tour d’horizon \textendash Part II (of press publishers, upload filters and the real value gap)},
author = {Quintais, J.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2019/06/17/the-new-copyright-directive-a-tour-dhorizon-part-ii-of-press-publishers-upload-filters-and-the-real-value-gap/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-18},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Quintais2019c,
title = {The New Copyright Directive: A tour d’horizon \textendash Part I},
author = {Quintais, J.},
url = {http://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2019/06/07/the-new-copyright-directive-a-tour-dhorizon-part-i/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-07},
journal = {Kluwer Copyright Blog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Hugenholtz2019d,
title = {Annotatie bij Hoge Raad 6 oktober 2017 (Imation / Thuiskopie en Staat)},
author = {Hugenholtz, P.},
url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_NJ_2019_182.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-04},
journal = {Nederlandse Jurisprudentie},
volume = {2019},
number = {21/22},
pages = {3068-3070},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}