Industriële eigendom
| Senftleben, M.
pp. 209-225, 2020, (Chapter in: Cambridge Handbook on International and Comparative Trademark Law, I. Calboli & J.C. Ginsburg (eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2020.). @inbook{Senftleben2020f,
title = {Signs Eligible for Trademark Protection - Dysfunctional Incentives and a Functionality Dilemma in the EU}, author = {Senftleben, M.}, url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3717753 https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Signs_Eligible_for_Trademark_Protection.pdf https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108399456.014}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-11-26}, pages = {209-225}, abstract = {In the European Union (EU), the criteria for determining a sign’s eligibility for trademark protection are harmonized to a large extent. On the one hand, the trademark legislation and office practices in EU Member States have to keep within the harmonized legal framework set forth in the EU Trade Mark Directive (TMD). On the other hand, the European Union Trade Mark Regulation (EUTMR) provides for a set of eligibility criteria that apply to European Union Trade Marks (EUTM) with equal effect throughout the EU territory. As the rules in the Regulation are in line with those in the Directive, the two legislative instruments constitute a robust body of harmonized norms informing the decision on the registration of a sign as a trademark. The harmonizing effect is enhanced by the fact that national courts have to refer questions relating to the application and interpretation of eligibility criteria to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). As in other regions of the world, the criteria applied to determine eligibility for trademark protection are quite flexible in the EU. The open-ended definition of protectable subject matter leaves room for the extension of trademark protection to non-traditional types of marks, such as shape, sound and colour marks. Trademark offices applying EU trademark law have also accepted, for instance, abstract colours and colour combinations, motion and multimedia marks, melodies and sounds, taste marks, hologram marks and position marks. The analysis of the trend to register non-traditional marks in the EU outlines the legal framework which the CJEU developed to assess the eligibility of non-traditional types of source identifiers for trademark protection. On this basis, it discusses the objective to safeguard freedom of competition and the legal instruments which the CJEU employs for this purpose: the requirement of providing evidence of the acquisition of distinctive character through use in trade and the categorical exclusion of functional signs from trademark protection. Drawing conclusions, it will become apparent that the basic requirement of distinctive character plays an ambiguous role in the regulation of access to trademark protection for non-traditional marks. It is both an obstacle to trademark protection and an incentive for enhanced investment in non-traditional types of marks.}, note = {Chapter in: Cambridge Handbook on International and Comparative Trademark Law, I. Calboli & J.C. Ginsburg (eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2020.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inbook} } In the European Union (EU), the criteria for determining a sign’s eligibility for trademark protection are harmonized to a large extent. On the one hand, the trademark legislation and office practices in EU Member States have to keep within the harmonized legal framework set forth in the EU Trade Mark Directive (TMD). On the other hand, the European Union Trade Mark Regulation (EUTMR) provides for a set of eligibility criteria that apply to European Union Trade Marks (EUTM) with equal effect throughout the EU territory. As the rules in the Regulation are in line with those in the Directive, the two legislative instruments constitute a robust body of harmonized norms informing the decision on the registration of a sign as a trademark. The harmonizing effect is enhanced by the fact that national courts have to refer questions relating to the application and interpretation of eligibility criteria to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU).
As in other regions of the world, the criteria applied to determine eligibility for trademark protection are quite flexible in the EU. The open-ended definition of protectable subject matter leaves room for the extension of trademark protection to non-traditional types of marks, such as shape, sound and colour marks. Trademark offices applying EU trademark law have also accepted, for instance, abstract colours and colour combinations, motion and multimedia marks, melodies and sounds, taste marks, hologram marks and position marks. The analysis of the trend to register non-traditional marks in the EU outlines the legal framework which the CJEU developed to assess the eligibility of non-traditional types of source identifiers for trademark protection. On this basis, it discusses the objective to safeguard freedom of competition and the legal instruments which the CJEU employs for this purpose: the requirement of providing evidence of the acquisition of distinctive character through use in trade and the categorical exclusion of functional signs from trademark protection. Drawing conclusions, it will become apparent that the basic requirement of distinctive character plays an ambiguous role in the regulation of access to trademark protection for non-traditional marks. It is both an obstacle to trademark protection and an incentive for enhanced investment in non-traditional types of marks. |
| Senftleben, M.
pp. 381-403, 2020, (Chapter in: Oxford Handbook of Online Intermediary Liability, G.F. Frosio (ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press.). @inbook{Senftleben2020g,
title = {Intermediary Liability and Trade Mark Infringement - Proliferation of Filter Obligations in Civil Law Jurisdictions?}, author = {Senftleben, M.}, url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Intermediary_Liability_and_Trade_Mark_Infringement.pdf https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3736919 https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198837138.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780198837138}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-11-26}, pages = {381-403}, abstract = {The erosion of the safe harbour for hosting in the EU Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market (CDSM Directive) leads to a remarkable climate change in the field of EU copyright law and the civil law jurisdictions of continental EU Member States. Inevitably, it raises the question of potential repercussions on the safe harbour for hosting and filtering standards in trademark cases. Even though online marketplaces are explicitly exempted from the new copyright rules and the CDSM Directive is not intended to neutralize the safe harbour for hosting in trademark cases, the adoption of a more restrictive approach in copyright law may quicken the appetite of trademark proprietors for similar measures in trademark law. The extension of the new copyright approach to trademark cases, however, is unlikely to yield satisfactory results.Due to the different conceptual contours of trademark rights, a system mimicking the filtering obligations following from the CDSM Directive would give trademark proprietors excessive control over the use of their trademarks in the digital environment. Such an overbroad system of automated, algorithmic filtering would encroach upon the fundamental guarantee of freedom of expression and freedom of competition. It is likely to have a chilling effect on legitimate descriptive use of trademarks, comparative advertising, advertising by resellers, information about alternative offers in the marketplace, and use criticizing or commenting upon trademarked products. As a result, consumers would receive less diverse information on goods and services and the free movement of goods and services in the internal market would be curtailed. The reliability of the internet as an independent source of trademark-related information would be put at risk. The analysis, thus, leads to the insight that a proliferation of the new filtering obligations in copyright law is undesirable and should be avoided.}, note = {Chapter in: Oxford Handbook of Online Intermediary Liability, G.F. Frosio (ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inbook} } The erosion of the safe harbour for hosting in the EU Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market (CDSM Directive) leads to a remarkable climate change in the field of EU copyright law and the civil law jurisdictions of continental EU Member States. Inevitably, it raises the question of potential repercussions on the safe harbour for hosting and filtering standards in trademark cases. Even though online marketplaces are explicitly exempted from the new copyright rules and the CDSM Directive is not intended to neutralize the safe harbour for hosting in trademark cases, the adoption of a more restrictive approach in copyright law may quicken the appetite of trademark proprietors for similar measures in trademark law.
The extension of the new copyright approach to trademark cases, however, is unlikely to yield satisfactory results.Due to the different conceptual contours of trademark rights, a system mimicking the filtering obligations following from the CDSM Directive would give trademark proprietors excessive control over the use of their trademarks in the digital environment. Such an overbroad system of automated, algorithmic filtering would encroach upon the fundamental guarantee of freedom of expression and freedom of competition. It is likely to have a chilling effect on legitimate descriptive use of trademarks, comparative advertising, advertising by resellers, information about alternative offers in the marketplace, and use criticizing or commenting upon trademarked products. As a result, consumers would receive less diverse information on goods and services and the free movement of goods and services in the internal market would be curtailed. The reliability of the internet as an independent source of trademark-related information would be put at risk. The analysis, thus, leads to the insight that a proliferation of the new filtering obligations in copyright law is undesirable and should be avoided. |
| Stapel, S.
Preliminary ruling to the CJEU on geographical boundaries of UCD novelty assessment Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, 15 (4), pp. 240-241, 2020, (Current Intelligence). @article{Stapel2020,
title = {Preliminary ruling to the CJEU on geographical boundaries of UCD novelty assessment}, author = {Stapel, S.}, url = {https://doi-org.proxy.uba.uva.nl:2443/10.1093/jiplp/jpaa032}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpaa032}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-03-24}, journal = {Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice}, volume = {15}, number = {4}, pages = {240-241}, abstract = {Beverly Hills Teddy Bear Company v PMS International Group Plc [2019] EWHC 2419 (IPEC), High Court of England and Wales, 17 September 2019. The High Court of Justice of England and Wales has sought guidance from the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) as regards whether the disclosure of a design outside the Community can still qualify for protection within the Community.}, note = {Current Intelligence}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Beverly Hills Teddy Bear Company v PMS International Group Plc [2019] EWHC 2419 (IPEC), High Court of England and Wales, 17 September 2019.
The High Court of Justice of England and Wales has sought guidance from the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) as regards whether the disclosure of a design outside the Community can still qualify for protection within the Community. |
| van Gompel, S.
Patent Abolition: A Real-Life Historical Case Study American University International Law Review, 34 (4), pp. 877-922, 2019. @article{vanGompel2019f,
title = {Patent Abolition: A Real-Life Historical Case Study}, author = {van Gompel, S.}, url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AUILR_2019.pdf}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-23}, journal = {American University International Law Review}, volume = {34}, number = {4}, pages = {877-922}, abstract = {Over time, patent abolition has been the subject of fierce academic debate. However, no country in the world has ever abolished patents, except for one. Between 1869 and 1912, the Netherlands officially abandoned patents. This unique case is often mentioned in the literature on patent abolition, but the accounts drawn up so far present an incomplete and somewhat obscure image of the motives behind the decision of the Dutch government to eliminate patents. This paper fills this gap by conducting a full analysis of the various \textendash legal, economic, practical, and political \textendash arguments that have inspired the Dutch to abolish patents. By so doing, it sketches a striking picture of the circumstances that gave rise to the exceptional Dutch case. Translating this to today’s reality, which is so entirely different, it seems unlikely that we will soon witness another case where all the necessary ingredients will so neatly coincide as they did in the Netherlands in the late 1860s. Therefore, another real-life example of a developed country abolishing patents appears far away.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Over time, patent abolition has been the subject of fierce academic debate. However, no country in the world has ever abolished patents, except for one. Between 1869 and 1912, the Netherlands officially abandoned patents. This unique case is often mentioned in the literature on patent abolition, but the accounts drawn up so far present an incomplete and somewhat obscure image of the motives behind the decision of the Dutch government to eliminate patents. This paper fills this gap by conducting a full analysis of the various – legal, economic, practical, and political – arguments that have inspired the Dutch to abolish patents. By so doing, it sketches a striking picture of the circumstances that gave rise to the exceptional Dutch case. Translating this to today’s reality, which is so entirely different, it seems unlikely that we will soon witness another case where all the necessary ingredients will so neatly coincide as they did in the Netherlands in the late 1860s. Therefore, another real-life example of a developed country abolishing patents appears far away.
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| van Eechoud, M.
Annotatie bij Rb. Den Haag 12 december 2018 (FPI Ghana / Koas c.s.) AMI, 2019 (2), pp. 73-74, 2019. @article{vanEechoud2019e,
title = {Annotatie bij Rb. Den Haag 12 december 2018 (FPI Ghana / Koas c.s.)}, author = {van Eechoud, M.}, url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_AMI_2019_2_p73.pdf}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-05-24}, journal = {AMI}, volume = {2019}, number = {2}, pages = {73-74}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| Bol, N., Helberger, N., Sax, M.
Journal of Consumer Policy, 41 (2), pp. 103-134, 2018, ISSN: 0168-7034. @article{Sax2018,
title = {Health as a Means Towards Profitable Ends: mHealth Apps, User Autonomy, and Unfair Commercial Practices}, author = {Sax, M. and Helberger, N. and Bol, N.}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10603-018-9374-3}, doi = {10.1007/s10603-018-9374-3}, issn = {0168-7034}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-05-22}, journal = {Journal of Consumer Policy}, volume = {41}, number = {2}, pages = {103-134}, abstract = {In this article, we discuss mHealth apps and their potential to influence the user’s behaviour in increasingly persuasive ways. More specifically, we call attention to the fact that mHealth apps often seek to not only influence the health behaviour of users but also their economic behaviour by merging health and commercial content in ways that are hard to detect. We argue that (1) such merging of health and commercial content raises specific questions concerning the autonomy of mHealth app users, and (2) consumer law offers a promising legal lens to address questions concerning user protection in this context. Based on an empirically informed ethical analysis of autonomy, we develop a fine-grained framework that incorporates three different requirements for autonomy that we call “independence,” “authenticity,” and “options.” This framework also differentiates between three different stages of mHealth app use, namely installing, starting to use, and continuing to use an app. As a result, user autonomy can be analysed in a nuanced and precise manner. Since the concept of autonomy plays a prominent, yet poorly understood role in unfair commercial practice law, we utilize the ethical analysis of autonomy to guide our legal analysis of the proper application of unfair commercial practice law in the mHealth app domain.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In this article, we discuss mHealth apps and their potential to influence the user’s behaviour in increasingly persuasive ways. More specifically, we call attention to the fact that mHealth apps often seek to not only influence the health behaviour of users but also their economic behaviour by merging health and commercial content in ways that are hard to detect. We argue that (1) such merging of health and commercial content raises specific questions concerning the autonomy of mHealth app users, and (2) consumer law offers a promising legal lens to address questions concerning user protection in this context. Based on an empirically informed ethical analysis of autonomy, we develop a fine-grained framework that incorporates three different requirements for autonomy that we call “independence,” “authenticity,” and “options.” This framework also differentiates between three different stages of mHealth app use, namely installing, starting to use, and continuing to use an app. As a result, user autonomy can be analysed in a nuanced and precise manner. Since the concept of autonomy plays a prominent, yet poorly understood role in unfair commercial practice law, we utilize the ethical analysis of autonomy to guide our legal analysis of the proper application of unfair commercial practice law in the mHealth app domain.
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| Tsoutsanis, A.
Concise European Trade Mark and Design Law 2nd, 2017, ISBN: 9789041156938, ( Commentary on key provisions of trade mark law and design law in: Concise European Trade Mark and Design Law, Ch. Gielen & V. von Bomhard, eds., Kluwer, 2017, p. 113-140, 156-157, 557-564, 570-574, 582-583, 629-634, 652-658, 789-793, 798-800.). @inbook{Tsoutsanis2017,
title = {Concise European Trade Mark and Design Law}, author = {Tsoutsanis, A.}, isbn = {9789041156938}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-04-18}, edition = {2nd}, note = { Commentary on key provisions of trade mark law and design law in: Concise European Trade Mark and Design Law, Ch. Gielen & V. von Bomhard, eds., Kluwer, 2017, p. 113-140, 156-157, 557-564, 570-574, 582-583, 629-634, 652-658, 789-793, 798-800.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inbook} } |
| Tsoutsanis, A.
Oppositieprocedures in merkenzaken 2017, ISBN: 9789013135053, (In: Tekst en Commentaar Intellectuele Eigendom, Ch. Gielen & D.J.G. Visser, eds., Kluwer, 5th edition, 2016, p. 316-326.). @inbook{Tsoutsanis2017b,
title = {Oppositieprocedures in merkenzaken}, author = {Tsoutsanis, A.}, isbn = {9789013135053}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-04-18}, note = {In: Tekst en Commentaar Intellectuele Eigendom, Ch. Gielen & D.J.G. Visser, eds., Kluwer, 5th edition, 2016, p. 316-326.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inbook} } |
| Bostyn, S.
2016, (European Commission, Directorate General Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (DG GROW).). @misc{Bostyn2016,
title = {Final report of the Expert Group on the development and implications of patent law in the field of biotechnology and genetic engineering}, author = {Bostyn, S.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Report-of-Biotech-Expert-Group.pdf}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-10-28}, abstract = {This is the Final Report of the of the Europen Commission Expert Group on the development and implications of patent law in the field of biotechnology and genetic engineering, which is chaired by Dr. Sven Bostyn. It describes in detail the issues regarding a number of very important topics in the area of biotechnological inventions, i.e., the patentability of plants and processes for making plants, issues relating to human embryonic stem cells and the patentability of human DNA. It finally provides advice for future policy and legislative work. }, note = {European Commission, Directorate General Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (DG GROW).}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} } This is the Final Report of the of the Europen Commission Expert Group on the development and implications of patent law in the field of biotechnology and genetic engineering, which is chaired by Dr. Sven Bostyn. It describes in detail the issues regarding a number of very important topics in the area of biotechnological inventions, i.e., the patentability of plants and processes for making plants, issues relating to human embryonic stem cells and the patentability of human DNA. It finally provides advice for future policy and legislative work.
|
| Tsoutsanis, A.
Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, (10), pp. 725., 2015, ( @article{,
title = {Back to Black: justice.cn}, author = {Tsoutsanis, A.}, url = {http://ssrn.com/abstract=2667516}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-10-15}, journal = {Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice}, number = {10}, pages = {725.}, abstract = { This short - peer reviewed - article touches on innovation in China in the field of smart phones, recent legislative reform in China for fostering intellectual property and combating counterfeit and trade mark grabbing. It also touches on human rights in China, the different approach in which the West advances its economic v human rights agenda and the selective way Silicon Valley industry participates in grass roots debate on civil liberties. The article also touches on the 'right to seek counsel' as one of the fundamental rights, which many arrested lawyers in China were deprived of during the July 2015 arrests. }, note = { Editorial. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} }
This short - peer reviewed - article touches on innovation in China in the field of smart phones, recent legislative reform in China for fostering intellectual property and combating counterfeit and trade mark grabbing. It also touches on human rights in China, the different approach in which the West advances its economic v human rights agenda and the selective way Silicon Valley industry participates in grass roots debate on civil liberties. The article also touches on the 'right to seek counsel' as one of the fundamental rights, which many arrested lawyers in China were deprived of during the July 2015 arrests.
|
| Bostyn, S.
The Journal of World Intellectual Property, (3-4), pp. 105-149, 2014. @article{,
title = {Patentability of Plants: At the Crossroads between Monopolizing Nature and Protecting Technological Innovation?}, author = {Bostyn, S.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1401.pdf}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-08-26}, journal = {The Journal of World Intellectual Property}, number = {3-4}, pages = {105-149}, abstract = { This article provides an in-depth critical analysis of pressing issues regarding the patentability of plants. There is no public interest overarching principle present in the European Patent Convention or any other convention for that matter which would exclude patent protection for plants. The expansionist behavior of some users of the patent system seeking to obtain patent protection for methods and products which are very akin to traditional breeding methods needs to be halted and patent applications in that context deserve very close scrutiny so as to avoid that the border is crossed. Patents for hybrid seeds ought not to be protected by patents, as they in effect protect plant varieties as such. If the patent system is not capable of keeping such innovations outside of the patent territory, the call for excluding all plant-related innovations from patentability will become more influential. Products produced by essentially biological processes should not be patentable. However, in the absence of a statutory basis, the current legal framework does not allow the judiciary to come to such conclusion. The EPC needs to be amended in this respect. Finally, introducing a breeders’ exemption in the patent system could jeopardize the internal and external architecture of the patent system and one should be wary of introducing it. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} }
This article provides an in-depth critical analysis of pressing issues regarding the patentability of plants. There is no public interest overarching principle present in the European Patent Convention or any other convention for that matter which would exclude patent protection for plants. The expansionist behavior of some users of the patent system seeking to obtain patent protection for methods and products which are very akin to traditional breeding methods needs to be halted and patent applications in that context deserve very close scrutiny so as to avoid that the border is crossed. Patents for hybrid seeds ought not to be protected by patents, as they in effect protect plant varieties as such. If the patent system is not capable of keeping such innovations outside of the patent territory, the call for excluding all plant-related innovations from patentability will become more influential. Products produced by essentially biological processes should not be patentable. However, in the absence of a statutory basis, the current legal framework does not allow the judiciary to come to such conclusion. The EPC needs to be amended in this respect. Finally, introducing a breeders’ exemption in the patent system could jeopardize the internal and external architecture of the patent system and one should be wary of introducing it.
|
| Tsoutsanis, A.
Finding Vredo: The Dutch Supreme Court Decision on Escitalopram Berichten Industriële Eigendom, (2), pp. 41-45, 2014. @article{,
title = {Finding Vredo: The Dutch Supreme Court Decision on Escitalopram}, author = {A. Tsoutsanis}, url = {http://ssrn.com/abstract=2451438}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-07-18}, journal = {Berichten Industri\"{e}le Eigendom}, number = {2}, pages = {41-45}, abstract = { This article is about the pharma patent litigation sparked by Lundbeck's blockbuster drug for 'escitalopram', a drug used for treating depression and generalized anxiety disorder. The key theme is about whether patents can also protect novel substances that can be fully envisaged but cannot yet be made. The decision of the Supreme Court is compared with earlier decisions in Germany and the United Kingdom. The author criticizes the lack of explanation provided by the Supreme Court. }, note = { Also published in Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, 2014-8, p. 644-649. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} }
This article is about the pharma patent litigation sparked by Lundbeck's blockbuster drug for 'escitalopram', a drug used for treating depression and generalized anxiety disorder. The key theme is about whether patents can also protect novel substances that can be fully envisaged but cannot yet be made. The decision of the Supreme Court is compared with earlier decisions in Germany and the United Kingdom. The author criticizes the lack of explanation provided by the Supreme Court.
|
| Tsoutsanis, A.
Trade mark applications in bad faith: righting wrong in Denmark and why the Benelux is next Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, (2), pp. 118-122, 2014. @article{,
title = {Trade mark applications in bad faith: righting wrong in Denmark and why the Benelux is next}, author = {A. Tsoutsanis}, url = {http://ssrn.com/abstract=2396180}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-03-28}, journal = {Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice}, number = {2}, pages = {118-122}, note = { Ook verschenen in Berichten Industriële Eigendom, 2013, p. 254-260. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| Tsoutsanis, A.
Merkenopposities in de Benelux 2014. @misc{,
title = {Merkenopposities in de Benelux}, author = {A. Tsoutsanis}, url = {http://ssrn.com/abstract=2336671}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-01-09}, booktitle = {Tekst & Commentaar IE}, pages = {270-283}, publisher = {Kluwer}, edition = {4}, abstract = { In dit deel uit de bekende Tekst & Commentaar serie gaat de auteur in detail in op de merkenoppositie in de Benelux. Hoe instellen, waar indienen en op welke juridische basis, zijn bijvoorbeeld een aantal vragen die in dit deel aan de orde komen. Het commentaar volgt de wettelijke structuur van het Benelux Verdrag inzake de Intellectuele Eigendom. Naast de Benelux oppositie vergelijkt de auteur ook andere deelterreinen: nietigheidsprocedure bij de overheidsrechter op (dezelfde) relatieve gronden, opposities tegen Internationale Merkaanvragen en de OHIM oppositie procedure. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} }
In dit deel uit de bekende Tekst & Commentaar serie gaat de auteur in detail in op de merkenoppositie in de Benelux. Hoe instellen, waar indienen en op welke juridische basis, zijn bijvoorbeeld een aantal vragen die in dit deel aan de orde komen. Het commentaar volgt de wettelijke structuur van het Benelux Verdrag inzake de Intellectuele Eigendom. Naast de Benelux oppositie vergelijkt de auteur ook andere deelterreinen: nietigheidsprocedure bij de overheidsrechter op (dezelfde) relatieve gronden, opposities tegen Internationale Merkaanvragen en de OHIM oppositie procedure.
|
| Tsoutsanis, A.
Comparison of Patent Claim Construction between Netherlands and Germany on Basis of AGA v. Occlutech World Intellectual Property Report, (6), pp. 32-34, 2013. @article{,
title = {Comparison of Patent Claim Construction between Netherlands and Germany on Basis of AGA v. Occlutech}, author = {A. Tsoutsanis}, url = {http://ssrn.com/abstract=2262859}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-06-27}, journal = {World Intellectual Property Report}, number = {6}, pages = {32-34}, abstract = { This article provides a brief overview on how the Dutch and German courts interpret the claims of a patent. It briefly compares each national approach on the basis of the recent AGA v Occlutech litigation in both countries. The dispute between AGA and Occlutech involved socalled ‘‘occluders’’, a collapsible medical device for closing defects in the septum wall of the heart through cardiac catheterisation. Items discussed are: claim construction and judicial balancing under the new "Protocol for the Interpretation of Art. 69 of the European Patent Convention", equivalence, pioneer inventions and file wrapper estoppel. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} }
This article provides a brief overview on how the Dutch and German courts interpret the claims of a patent. It briefly compares each national approach on the basis of the recent AGA v Occlutech litigation in both countries. The dispute between AGA and Occlutech involved socalled ‘‘occluders’’, a collapsible medical device for closing defects in the septum wall of the heart through cardiac catheterisation. Items discussed are: claim construction and judicial balancing under the new "Protocol for the Interpretation of Art. 69 of the European Patent Convention", equivalence, pioneer inventions and file wrapper estoppel.
|
| Tsoutsanis, A.
Octrooien, tussen letter en geest, annotatie bij Hoge Raad 25 mei 2012 (AGA / Occlutech) 2013. @misc{,
title = {Octrooien, tussen letter en geest, annotatie bij Hoge Raad 25 mei 2012 (AGA / Occlutech)}, author = {A. Tsoutsanis}, url = {http://ssrn.com/abstract=2233404}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-03-15}, journal = {Berichten Industri\"{e}le Eigendom}, number = {12}, pages = { 64-70}, abstract = { Extensive case-comment on the most important ruling in patent law in The Netherlands in the last five years. It addresses the ruling of the Dutch Supreme Court 25 May 2012 \textit{AGA v Occlutech}. The paper contains a historical, transnational and comparative approach, tracing back the origins of some of the recent controversy on claim construction in the Netherlands, while also reflecting on recent literature and case-law in Germany and the United Kingdom. The author contrasts and compares the Dutch approach on claim construction with the new developments of the Revised Protocol of art. 69 of the European Patent Convention (EPC). The paper sets out and summarizes the Dutch standard for claim construction, touching on important elements in legal practice such as the impact of (a) the two-part form of a claim, (b) the file wrapper and patent prosecution history, (c) equivalence and (d) whether the degree of inventive step or innovative character of the patent, warrants a bigger scope of protection. It also compares the outcome of the decisions on the same patent between the same parties in Germany and the United Kingdom AGA and Occlutech. The paper concludes with looking back on the achievements of the EPC, while also looking forward to the new legislative developments surrounding the Unitary Patent and the Agreement for a Unified Patent Court. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} }
Extensive case-comment on the most important ruling in patent law in The Netherlands in the last five years. It addresses the ruling of the Dutch Supreme Court 25 May 2012 AGA v Occlutech. The paper contains a historical, transnational and comparative approach, tracing back the origins of some of the recent controversy on claim construction in the Netherlands, while also reflecting on recent literature and case-law in Germany and the United Kingdom. The author contrasts and compares the Dutch approach on claim construction with the new developments of the Revised Protocol of art. 69 of the European Patent Convention (EPC). The paper sets out and summarizes the Dutch standard for claim construction, touching on important elements in legal practice such as the impact of (a) the two-part form of a claim, (b) the file wrapper and patent prosecution history, (c) equivalence and (d) whether the degree of inventive step or innovative character of the patent, warrants a bigger scope of protection. It also compares the outcome of the decisions on the same patent between the same parties in Germany and the United Kingdom AGA and Occlutech. The paper concludes with looking back on the achievements of the EPC, while also looking forward to the new legislative developments surrounding the Unitary Patent and the Agreement for a Unified Patent Court.
|
| Antic, M., Kabel, J., Lagemaat, A., van der Sloot, B., Stekelenburg, M. van
2011, ( @techreport{,
title = {To what extent should on-line intermediaries (such as ISPs and operators of online market places) be responsible for the control or prohibition of unfair competitive practices (in particular sales of}, author = {Antic, M. and Lagemaat, A. and Stekelenburg, M. van and Kabel, J. and van der Sloot, B.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/rapportBNL.pdf}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-07-29}, note = { In: <em>Dutch Report for the LIDC Congress in Oxford (22-24 September 2011), </em>41 p<em>.</em> |
| Ramalho, A.
Portugal - Vorläufige Patentanmeldungen: Eine erfolgreiche Neuerung GRUR International, (10), pp. 882, 2009. @article{,
title = {Portugal - Vorl\"{a}ufige Patentanmeldungen: Eine erfolgreiche Neuerung}, author = {A.B. Ramalho}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Ramalho_GRUR.pdf}, year = {2009}, date = {2009-10-29}, journal = {GRUR International}, number = {10}, pages = {882}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| Ramalho, A.
The Legal Protection of Fashion under Design Law (in het Portugees) Direito Industrial, V , 2009. @article{,
title = {The Legal Protection of Fashion under Design Law (in het Portugees)}, author = {A.B. Ramalho}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/168.pdf}, year = {2009}, date = {2009-09-15}, journal = {Direito Industrial}, volume = {V}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| Ramalho, A.
Parody in Trademarks and Copyright: Has Humour Gone Too Far? Cambridge Student Law Review, (1), pp. 58-74, 2009. @article{,
title = {Parody in Trademarks and Copyright: Has Humour Gone Too Far?}, author = {A.B. Ramalho}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/parody_final.pdf}, year = {2009}, date = {2009-09-15}, journal = {Cambridge Student Law Review}, number = {1}, pages = {58-74}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| Ramalho, A.
Marks, Forfeiture and a Constitutional Conundrum World Trademark Review, (18), pp. 15-17, 2009. @article{,
title = {Marks, Forfeiture and a Constitutional Conundrum}, author = {A.B. Ramalho}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/WTR_18%20Forfeiture.pdf}, year = {2009}, date = {2009-09-15}, journal = {World Trademark Review}, number = {18}, pages = {15-17}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| Kabel, J.
2009. @techreport{,
title = {Misleading Practices of 'Directory Companies' in the Context of Current and Future Internal Market Legislation Aimed at the Protection of Consumers and SMEs'}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Misleading_directory_companies.pdf}, year = {2009}, date = {2009-04-28}, note = { Studie in opdracht van de Commissie Interne Markt eConsumentenbescherming in het Europees Parlement. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {techreport} } |
| Kabel, J.
‘Audiovisual Media Services and the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive’ IRIS Plus, (8), pp. 2-8, 2008. @article{,
title = {‘Audiovisual Media Services and the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive’}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/iplus8_2008.pdf.pdf}, year = {2008}, date = {2008-09-18}, journal = {IRIS Plus}, number = {8}, pages = {2-8}, note = { (Supplement to IRIS - Legal Observations of the European Audiovisual Observatory) }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| Kabel, J.
Eerlijke handel: de beoordeling van misleidende reclame en andere oneerlijke handelspraktijken Vakblad voor de MKB-Adviseuer, (5), pp. 6-11, 2008. @article{,
title = {Eerlijke handel: de beoordeling van misleidende reclame en andere oneerlijke handelspraktijken}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/vakblad_mkb_2008_5.pdf}, year = {2008}, date = {2008-05-15}, journal = {Vakblad voor de MKB-Adviseuer}, number = {5}, pages = {6-11}, abstract = { Het codificeren en harmoniseren van oneerlijk mededingingsrecht gaat niet van een leien dakje, vooral omdat de belangen van de betrokken partijen niet op één lijn zijn te krijgen. Uiteindelijk heeft de Europese Commissie besloten om vooralsnog slecht een deel van het hier bedoelde rechtsgebied te harmoniseren, te weten de bescherming van de consument tegen oneerlijke handelspraktijken. Dat is gebeurd in Richtlijn 2005/29, die vervolgens is geïmplementeerd in Nederlandse wetgeving die naar alle waarschijnlijkheid een dezer dagen in werking treedt. Die wetgeving gaat een hoop problemen opleveren, lijkt nu al vast te staan. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} }
Het codificeren en harmoniseren van oneerlijk mededingingsrecht gaat niet van een leien dakje, vooral omdat de belangen van de betrokken partijen niet op één lijn zijn te krijgen. Uiteindelijk heeft de Europese Commissie besloten om vooralsnog slecht een deel van het hier bedoelde rechtsgebied te harmoniseren, te weten de bescherming van de consument tegen oneerlijke handelspraktijken. Dat is gebeurd in Richtlijn 2005/29, die vervolgens is geïmplementeerd in Nederlandse wetgeving die naar alle waarschijnlijkheid een dezer dagen in werking treedt. Die wetgeving gaat een hoop problemen opleveren, lijkt nu al vast te staan.
|
| van Eechoud, M.
Annotatie bij Rb. Den Haag 17 januari 2007 (Garmin / TomTom) 2007. @misc{,
title = {Annotatie bij Rb. Den Haag 17 januari 2007 (Garmin / TomTom)}, author = {M.M.M. van Eechoud}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_IER_2007_3.pdf}, year = {2007}, date = {2007-08-17}, journal = {IER}, number = {3}, pages = { 190-192}, note = {Bevoegdheidsincident - Internationale rechtsmacht bij geschil over Gemeenschapsmodel (auto) navigatiesystemen TomTom en Garmin - Omvang bevoegdheid t.a.v. vordering in reconventie - Gemeenschapsmodelverordening art. 79, 82, 83 - EEX-Verordening art. 4, 6.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} } |
| Bostyn, S.
No Contact with the Human Body, Please! Patentability of Diagnostic Method Inventions after G01/04 European Intellectual Property Review, (6), pp. 238-244, 2007. @article{,
title = {No Contact with the Human Body, Please! Patentability of Diagnostic Method Inventions after G01/04}, author = {S.J.R. Bostyn}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/993.pdf}, year = {2007}, date = {2007-08-09}, journal = {European Intellectual Property Review}, number = {6}, pages = {238-244}, abstract = {When the referral to the Enlarged Board of Appeal (EBA) was made in respect of diagnostic method inventions, high expectations were present that the decision would bring an end to existing confusion and legal uncertainty with regard to diagnostic method patent applications. As will be seen further in this comment, the EBA had not entirely delivered. }, When the referral to the Enlarged Board of Appeal (EBA) was made in respect of diagnostic method inventions, high expectations were present that the decision would bring an end to existing confusion and legal uncertainty with regard to diagnostic method patent applications. As will be seen further in this comment, the EBA had not entirely delivered.
|
| Kabel, J.
Annotatie bij Rb. Arnhem 31 augustus 2005 ((De Lotto / Ladbrokes)) 2007. @misc{,
title = {Annotatie bij Rb. Arnhem 31 augustus 2005 ((De Lotto / Ladbrokes))}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/annotatie_ier_2005_6.pdf}, year = {2007}, date = {2007-07-25}, journal = {IER}, number = {6}, pages = {368-375}, abstract = { Er zijn de laatste tijd veel van dit soort zaken geweest, waarin een Nederlandse aanbieder een (veelal in Engeland gevestigde) buitenlander van de internetgokmarkt verdrijft met het argument dat wat Nederlanders niet mogen, ook aan buitenlanders niet is toegestaan uit een oogpunt van eerlijke concurrentie. Tot nu toe hebben de Nederlandse vergunninghouders het doorgaans gewonnen. Dat gebeurt hier ook, mede dankzij een bijzondere vorm van public-private partnership tussen rechterlijke en uitvoerende macht. Publiek en privaat belang lijken hier als uit één mond te spreken. Dat wekt enig wantrouwen. Wordt het leerstuk van oneerlijke voorsprong door wetsovertreding wel goed toegepast? }, note = { Rechtspraak zoeken: http://zoeken.rechtspraak.nl/detailpage.aspx?ljn=AU1924 }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} }
Er zijn de laatste tijd veel van dit soort zaken geweest, waarin een Nederlandse aanbieder een (veelal in Engeland gevestigde) buitenlander van de internetgokmarkt verdrijft met het argument dat wat Nederlanders niet mogen, ook aan buitenlanders niet is toegestaan uit een oogpunt van eerlijke concurrentie. Tot nu toe hebben de Nederlandse vergunninghouders het doorgaans gewonnen. Dat gebeurt hier ook, mede dankzij een bijzondere vorm van public-private partnership tussen rechterlijke en uitvoerende macht. Publiek en privaat belang lijken hier als uit één mond te spreken. Dat wekt enig wantrouwen. Wordt het leerstuk van oneerlijke voorsprong door wetsovertreding wel goed toegepast?
|
| Kabel, J.
Moet er een nieuwe Aalberse opstaan? Oneerlijke handelspraktijken in B2B-verhoudingen (40) IER, (3), pp. 143-144, 2007. @article{,
title = {Moet er een nieuwe Aalberse opstaan? Oneerlijke handelspraktijken in B2B-verhoudingen (40)}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/IER_2007_3.pdf}, year = {2007}, date = {2007-07-10}, journal = {IER}, number = {3}, pages = {143-144}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| Kabel, J.
Annotatie bij Vzr. Rb. Arnhem 16 augustus 2006 ((KPN / UPC)) 2007. @misc{,
title = {Annotatie bij Vzr. Rb. Arnhem 16 augustus 2006 ((KPN / UPC))}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/annotatie_ier_2006_5.pdf}, year = {2007}, date = {2007-05-25}, journal = {IER}, number = {5}, pages = {281-285}, abstract = { Gebruik van het merk van een ander in vergelijkende reclame vergt volgens deze uitspraak onderzoek naar noodzaak dat merk te noemen. Indien die noodzaak ontbreekt, is er geen sprake van een geldige reden in de zin van artikel 13a, lid 1 sub d. BNW en sprake van onrechtmatig gebruik van het merk in de zin van artikel 6:194a BW. Het simpele feit dat een adverteerder vergelijkende reclame maakt, is volgens annotator echter voldoende noodzaak om het merk van de concurrent te noemen. Afzonderlijk onderzoek naar de noodzaak is dan dus niet vereist. Een rechter die dat wel doet, zet de richtlijn op zijn kop. Dat betekent ook dat voor een afzonderlijk onderzoek naar het bestaan van een geldige reden in het merkenrecht in zaken van vergelijkende reclame geen plaats behoort te zijn. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} }
Gebruik van het merk van een ander in vergelijkende reclame vergt volgens deze uitspraak onderzoek naar noodzaak dat merk te noemen. Indien die noodzaak ontbreekt, is er geen sprake van een geldige reden in de zin van artikel 13a, lid 1 sub d. BNW en sprake van onrechtmatig gebruik van het merk in de zin van artikel 6:194a BW. Het simpele feit dat een adverteerder vergelijkende reclame maakt, is volgens annotator echter voldoende noodzaak om het merk van de concurrent te noemen. Afzonderlijk onderzoek naar de noodzaak is dan dus niet vereist. Een rechter die dat wel doet, zet de richtlijn op zijn kop. Dat betekent ook dat voor een afzonderlijk onderzoek naar het bestaan van een geldige reden in het merkenrecht in zaken van vergelijkende reclame geen plaats behoort te zijn.
|
| Kabel, J.
2007. @techreport{,
title = {Should the objectives of the rules on unfair competition be te protection of competitors, or consumers, or of other interests? How should any conflict between these objectives be resolved?}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/LIDC_International_Report.pdf}, year = {2007}, date = {2007-05-24}, abstract = { The European Directive 2005/29/EC on unfair commercial practices of May 11, 2005 regulates exclusively unfair commercial practices which are directly related to influencing a transactional decision of end-consumers and excludes all practices that are neither directed to end-consumers, nor directly influencing a transactional decision of consumers. Misleading advertising, for instance, is now judged on the basis of two different sets of regulation: the new Directive 2005/29/EC deals with "B2C"-advertising, while "B2B"-advertising has to comply with Directive 84/450/EEC. This international report, based upon contributions from eleven countries, is devoted to the question whether there are a priori two different standards for assessing unfair commercial practices. Is there one standard for consumers and another one for competitors? On the other hand, are the interests of all market participants too intertwined to allow different standards of fairness? More generally: Should the rules on unfair competition focus on the act as such - which, of course, must be seen against the background of alle circumstances, especially the target group - or should they focus primarily on the protection of the end-consumer or of competitors? }, note = { International Report for the LIDC Amsterdam Congress on Competition Law }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {techreport} }
The European Directive 2005/29/EC on unfair commercial practices of May 11, 2005 regulates exclusively unfair commercial practices which are directly related to influencing a transactional decision of end-consumers and excludes all practices that are neither directed to end-consumers, nor directly influencing a transactional decision of consumers. Misleading advertising, for instance, is now judged on the basis of two different sets of regulation: the new Directive 2005/29/EC deals with "B2C"-advertising, while "B2B"-advertising has to comply with Directive 84/450/EEC. This international report, based upon contributions from eleven countries, is devoted to the question whether there are a priori two different standards for assessing unfair commercial practices. Is there one standard for consumers and another one for competitors? On the other hand, are the interests of all market participants too intertwined to allow different standards of fairness? More generally: Should the rules on unfair competition focus on the act as such - which, of course, must be seen against the background of alle circumstances, especially the target group - or should they focus primarily on the protection of the end-consumer or of competitors?
|
| Kabel, J.
Meer onderzoek naar Misleiding & Verwarring? Consequenties van de OHP Richtlijn (IER) 02.11.2005. @misc{,
title = {Meer onderzoek naar Misleiding & Verwarring? Consequenties van de OHP Richtlijn (IER)}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/622.pdf}, year = {2005}, date = {2005-11-02}, pages = {20}, note = { Presentatie op het Lustrumcongres 20 jaar IER }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {presentation} } |
| Kabel, J.
Annotatie bij Vzngr. Rb. 's-Gravenhage 12 november 2004 ((Pretium Telecom / Yiggers Nederland)) 2005. @misc{,
title = {Annotatie bij Vzngr. Rb. 's-Gravenhage 12 november 2004 ((Pretium Telecom / Yiggers Nederland))}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/annotatie_ier_2005_2.pdf}, year = {2005}, date = {2005-07-06}, journal = {IER}, number = {2}, pages = {118-121}, abstract = { Gebruik van merk en handelsnaam van een ander als zoekwoord niet op zichzelf onrechtmatig, maar wel indien aan zoekwoord advertentie van die gebruiker wordt gekoppeld. Het niet onder eigen naam doen van mededelingen over de concurrent is onrechtmatig. Waarschuwingen met betrekking tot aanbod van concurrent niet onrechtmatig indien de gemaakte vergelijking verder inhoudelijk juist is. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} }
Gebruik van merk en handelsnaam van een ander als zoekwoord niet op zichzelf onrechtmatig, maar wel indien aan zoekwoord advertentie van die gebruiker wordt gekoppeld. Het niet onder eigen naam doen van mededelingen over de concurrent is onrechtmatig. Waarschuwingen met betrekking tot aanbod van concurrent niet onrechtmatig indien de gemaakte vergelijking verder inhoudelijk juist is.
|
| Kabel, J.
‘Kroniek Reclamerecht en Oneerlijke Mededinging 2004’ IER, (2), pp. 85-90, 2005. @article{,
title = {‘Kroniek Reclamerecht en Oneerlijke Mededinging 2004’}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/artikel_kroniekIER2004.pdf}, year = {2005}, date = {2005-06-17}, journal = {IER}, number = {2}, pages = {85-90}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| Kabel, J.
Annotatie bij Hof van Justitie EG 7 januari 2004 ((Gerolsteiner Brunnen / Putsch)) 2005. @misc{,
title = {Annotatie bij Hof van Justitie EG 7 januari 2004 ((Gerolsteiner Brunnen / Putsch))}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/annotatie_ier_2004_2.pdf}, year = {2005}, date = {2005-06-17}, journal = {IER}, number = {2}, pages = {150-153}, abstract = { In een conflict tussen twee overeenstemmende merken voor dezelfde waren, is gebruik als merk van het conflicterende teken geen doorslaggevende beoordelingsfactor, indien het conflicterende merk een (erkende) herkomstaanduiding betreft. Artikel 6 lid 1 van Richtlijn 89/104/EEG geeft slechts één beoordelingscriterium voor de verbodsbevoegdheid van de merkhouder, namelijk of het gebruik van de geografische aanduiding in overeenstemming is met de (nationale) eerlijke gebruiken in handel en nijverheid. De nationale rechter dient daarbij alle omstandigheden van het geval te betrekken. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} }
In een conflict tussen twee overeenstemmende merken voor dezelfde waren, is gebruik als merk van het conflicterende teken geen doorslaggevende beoordelingsfactor, indien het conflicterende merk een (erkende) herkomstaanduiding betreft. Artikel 6 lid 1 van Richtlijn 89/104/EEG geeft slechts één beoordelingscriterium voor de verbodsbevoegdheid van de merkhouder, namelijk of het gebruik van de geografische aanduiding in overeenstemming is met de (nationale) eerlijke gebruiken in handel en nijverheid. De nationale rechter dient daarbij alle omstandigheden van het geval te betrekken.
|
| Bostyn, S.
DNA patents in Europe: Controversy remains 10.05.2005. @misc{,
title = {DNA patents in Europe: Controversy remains}, author = {S.J.R. Bostyn}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/994.pdf}, year = {2005}, date = {2005-05-10}, note = { Lezing gehouden tijdens symposium "The ethics of patenting human genes and stem cells", georganiseerd door University of Copenhagen, Danish Council of Ethics en Biotik, 28 september 2004. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {presentation} } |
| Kabel, J.
Annotatie bij Hof Amsterdam 30 september 2004 ((T-Mobile / ID&T Mobile)) 2005. @misc{,
title = {Annotatie bij Hof Amsterdam 30 september 2004 ((T-Mobile / ID&T Mobile))}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/IER2005_1_TMobile.pdf}, year = {2005}, date = {2005-04-06}, journal = {IER}, number = {1}, pages = {41-43.}, abstract = { Bij de beoordeling van verwarringsgevaar dient niet beslissend te zijn de door de inbreukmaker zelf gebezigde uitingen, maar komt het aan op het normale gebruik van het teken. Het hof kan dan ook voorbijgaan aan marktonderzoek dat uitsluitend gebaseerd is op de website en op commercials van de inbreukmaker. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} }
Bij de beoordeling van verwarringsgevaar dient niet beslissend te zijn de door de inbreukmaker zelf gebezigde uitingen, maar komt het aan op het normale gebruik van het teken. Het hof kan dan ook voorbijgaan aan marktonderzoek dat uitsluitend gebaseerd is op de website en op commercials van de inbreukmaker.
|
| Bostyn, S.
2005. @techreport{,
title = {Patenting DNA sequences (polynucletides) and scope of protection in the European Union: an evaluation}, author = {S.J.R. Bostyn}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/patentingdna.pdf}, year = {2005}, date = {2005-01-27}, pages = {162}, note = { Background study for the European Commission within the framework of the Expert Group on Biotechnological Inventions, European Commission, Directorate-General for Research Food Quality and Safety, 2004. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {techreport} } |
| Bostyn, S.
2005. @techreport{,
title = {Enabling biotechnological inventions in Europe and the United States: a study of the patentability of proteins and DNA sequences with special emphasis on the disclosure requirement}, author = {S.J.R. Bostyn}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/996.pdf}, year = {2005}, date = {2005-01-27}, note = { European Patent Office, 2001. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {techreport} } |
| Kabel, J.
Annotatie bij het Hof van Justitie EG, 6 november 2003 ((Piergiorgio Gambelli e.a/Italië)) 2004. @misc{,
title = {Annotatie bij het Hof van Justitie EG, 6 november 2003 ((Piergiorgio Gambelli e.a/Itali\"{e}))}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AnnotatieGambelli.IER2004-1.pdf}, year = {2004}, date = {2004-03-09}, journal = {IER}, number = {1}, pages = {61-69}, note = { Hof van Justitie EG, 6 november 2003: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?language=nl&jur=C,T,F&num=C-243/01&td=ALL }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} } |
| Kabel, J.
2004. @misc{,
title = {Annotatie bij het Hof van Justitie EG 23 oktober 2003 ((Adidas-Salomon AG, voorheen Adidas AG, Adidas Benelux BV/Fitnessworld Trading Ltd))}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AnnotatieAdidas.IE2004-1.pdf}, year = {2004}, date = {2004-03-09}, journal = {IER}, number = {1}, pages = {53-58}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} } |
| Bakels, R.B.
Van software to erger: op zoek naar de grenzen van het octrooirecht IER, (4), pp. 213-221, 2004. @article{,
title = {Van software to erger: op zoek naar de grenzen van het octrooirecht}, author = {Bakels, R.B.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/IER_RBB.PDF}, year = {2004}, date = {2004-01-09}, journal = {IER}, number = {4}, pages = {213-221}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| Bakels, R.B.
Software: werkwijze of voortbrengsel? Bijblad bij de Industriële Eigendom, (10), pp. 428-434, 2003. @article{,
title = {Software: werkwijze of voortbrengsel?}, author = {Bakels, R.B.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/werkwijzeofvoortbrengsel.pdf}, year = {2003}, date = {2003-10-24}, journal = {Bijblad bij de Industri\"{e}le Eigendom}, number = {10}, pages = {428-434}, abstract = {Het onderscheid tussen werkwijze- en voortbrengseloctrooien lijkt een juridisch-technische kwestie van ondergeschikt belang. In dit artikel wordt betoogd, dat het zowel om praktische als om theoretische redenen wel degelijk van belang is software-uitvindingen weloverwogen in het octrooisysteem te positioneren. }, Het onderscheid tussen werkwijze- en voortbrengseloctrooien lijkt een juridisch-technische kwestie van ondergeschikt belang. In dit artikel wordt betoogd, dat het zowel om praktische als om theoretische redenen wel degelijk van belang is software-uitvindingen weloverwogen in het octrooisysteem te positioneren.
|
| Bakels, R.B.
Softwareoctrooien: een vanzelfsprekendheid of een gevaarlijke ontaarding? Computerrecht, (6), pp. 347-352, 2002. @article{,
title = {Softwareoctrooien: een vanzelfsprekendheid of een gevaarlijke ontaarding?}, author = {Bakels, R.B.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/softwareoctrooien.pdf}, year = {2002}, date = {2002-12-20}, journal = {Computerrecht}, number = {6}, pages = {347-352}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| Bakels, R.B., Hugenholtz, P.
The patentability of computer programs 2002, ( @techreport{,
title = {The patentability of computer programs}, author = {Hugenholtz, P. and Bakels, R.B.}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/softwarepatent.pdf}, year = {2002}, date = {2002-07-25}, abstract = { Dit rapport is het resultaat van een korte-termijn studie in opdracht van het Europees Parlement over de vraag of het wenselijk is om te komen tot wetgeving op Europees niveau op het gebied van software-octrooien. Het rapport omvat een vergelijkende analyse van het geldend recht, en van de voor- en nadelen van software-octrooien zoals die naar voren komen uit de huidige praktijk in de lidstaten van de EU, de Verenigde Staten en Japan. Behalve aan octrooien op software wordt ook aandacht besteed aan octrooien op het nauw verwante gebied van "business methods". }, note = { Studie in opdracht van het Europees Parlement (april 2002). }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {techreport} }
Dit rapport is het resultaat van een korte-termijn studie in opdracht van het Europees Parlement over de vraag of het wenselijk is om te komen tot wetgeving op Europees niveau op het gebied van software-octrooien. Het rapport omvat een vergelijkende analyse van het geldend recht, en van de voor- en nadelen van software-octrooien zoals die naar voren komen uit de huidige praktijk in de lidstaten van de EU, de Verenigde Staten en Japan. Behalve aan octrooien op software wordt ook aandacht besteed aan octrooien op het nauw verwante gebied van "business methods".
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| Kabel, J.
‘Reclamerecht en oneerlijke mededinging’ (2), 2001. @techreport{,
title = {‘Reclamerecht en oneerlijke mededinging’}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/kroniekIER2000.pdf}, year = {2001}, date = {2001-09-01}, journal = {IER}, number = {2}, pages = {50-55}, abstract = { Kabel verzorgt jaarlijks de kroniek 'Reclamerecht en oneerlijke mededinging' voor het tijdschrift Intellectuele eigendom en reclamerecht. De hier opgenomen bijdrage over het jaar 2000 is gewijd aan de e-commerce richtlijn, de voorstellen tot grondwetswijziging (artikel 7lid 4 Grondwet wordt geschrapt), reclame voor kinderen, de rechtspraak van het HvJEG en de Nederlandse rechtspraak op het terrein van internet en reclame, medische claims en oneerlijke mededingingsrubrieken als prestatiebescherming, aanhakende, afbrekende en vergelijkende reclame alsmede het profiteren van wanprestatie. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {techreport} }
Kabel verzorgt jaarlijks de kroniek 'Reclamerecht en oneerlijke mededinging' voor het tijdschrift Intellectuele eigendom en reclamerecht. De hier opgenomen bijdrage over het jaar 2000 is gewijd aan de e-commerce richtlijn, de voorstellen tot grondwetswijziging (artikel 7lid 4 Grondwet wordt geschrapt), reclame voor kinderen, de rechtspraak van het HvJEG en de Nederlandse rechtspraak op het terrein van internet en reclame, medische claims en oneerlijke mededingingsrubrieken als prestatiebescherming, aanhakende, afbrekende en vergelijkende reclame alsmede het profiteren van wanprestatie.
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| Kabel, J.
2001. @misc{,
title = {Transborder Advertising and Unfair competition: Country of Origin v. Country of Destination? Clarification of the Resolution of the International League of Competition Law}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/clarification.pdf}, year = {2001}, date = {2001-09-01}, abstract = { Met de nieuwe e-commerce richtlijn is de vraag hoe het zit met het beginsel van het land van herkomst voor de beoordeling van grensoverschrijdende reclame en oneerlijke mededingingshandelingen weer actueel. De nieuwe richtlijn past unverfroren het land van herkomst principe toe. Maar is dat wel een goed principe op het terrein van de oneerlijke medededinging? Indertijd heeft de Ligue International du Droit de la Concurrence hier een congres aan gewijd. Een eerdere versie van dit artikel diende mede als basis voor de discussies. In de hier voorliggende publicatie wordt geprobeerd een genuanceerd standpunt in te nemen. }, note = { In: Eenvormig en vergelijkend privaatrecht, Molengrafica, Lelystad: Koninklijke Vermande BV 1994, p. 285-30. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} }
Met de nieuwe e-commerce richtlijn is de vraag hoe het zit met het beginsel van het land van herkomst voor de beoordeling van grensoverschrijdende reclame en oneerlijke mededingingshandelingen weer actueel. De nieuwe richtlijn past unverfroren het land van herkomst principe toe. Maar is dat wel een goed principe op het terrein van de oneerlijke medededinging? Indertijd heeft de Ligue International du Droit de la Concurrence hier een congres aan gewijd. Een eerdere versie van dit artikel diende mede als basis voor de discussies. In de hier voorliggende publicatie wordt geprobeerd een genuanceerd standpunt in te nemen.
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| Kabel, J.
1999. @techreport{,
title = {Oneerlijke mededinging en de vrijheid van wetenschappelijke informatievoorziening’ ((Hertel v. Zwitserland))}, author = {J.J.C. Kabel}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Hertel.pdf}, year = {1999}, date = {1999-02-06}, booktitle = {EHRM 25 augustus 1998 }, abstract = { Ingevolge het EHRM in zijn uitspraak Hertel v. Zwitserland mag een met het nodige voorbehoud geformuleerd, wetenschappelijk onderzoeksverslag door de nationale rechter als onrechtmatige oneerlijke mededinging worden bestempeld, indien het de omzet van daarin onderzochte produkten daadwerkelijk nadelig beïnvloedt. Dat is een concurrentie-norm die wordt toegepast buiten het domein van de mededinging. De Zwitserse wetgeving maakt zulks mogelijk, omdat zij oneerlijke medinging ruim definieert. Het Hof heeft het ten onrechte niet gewaagd om de te ruime omvang van de Zwitserse regel zelf aan de orde te stellen. Daardoor blijft de vrijheid van de nationale wetgever en rechter om allerlei gedragingen die buiten het domein van concurrentie vallen, als oneerlijke mededinging te kwalificeren en de bijhorende normen toe te passen, helaas intact. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {techreport} }
Ingevolge het EHRM in zijn uitspraak Hertel v. Zwitserland mag een met het nodige voorbehoud geformuleerd, wetenschappelijk onderzoeksverslag door de nationale rechter als onrechtmatige oneerlijke mededinging worden bestempeld, indien het de omzet van daarin onderzochte produkten daadwerkelijk nadelig beïnvloedt. Dat is een concurrentie-norm die wordt toegepast buiten het domein van de mededinging. De Zwitserse wetgeving maakt zulks mogelijk, omdat zij oneerlijke medinging ruim definieert. Het Hof heeft het ten onrechte niet gewaagd om de te ruime omvang van de Zwitserse regel zelf aan de orde te stellen. Daardoor blijft de vrijheid van de nationale wetgever en rechter om allerlei gedragingen die buiten het domein van concurrentie vallen, als oneerlijke mededinging te kwalificeren en de bijhorende normen toe te passen, helaas intact.
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| Cohen Jehoram, H.
Cumulation of Protection in the EC Design Proposals 31.03.1998. @misc{,
title = {Cumulation of Protection in the EC Design Proposals}, author = {H. Cohen Jehoram}, url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Cohen1.pdf}, year = {1998}, date = {1998-03-31}, journal = {AMI}, note = {Herchel Smith Lecture, held at Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London on 27 April 1994}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {presentation} } |